Experience of the Great Patriotic War showed that large airborne formations (brigade, corps), landed behind enemy lines at a sufficiently large depth (Vyazemskaya and Dnieper operations), could conduct active offensive and defensive operations for several days (and with appropriate supplies, probably more). operations. However, the same experience showed that the axis did not receive supplies, and interaction with front-line (strike) aviation could not be established.

As a result, due to a number of miscalculations, all major airborne operations carried out during the war did not fully achieve their goals:

Nevertheless, the actions of small reconnaissance and sabotage groups sent behind enemy lines, with proper support and preparation, brought tangible results. An example of such military operations can be the actions of groups and detachments of a separate motorized rifle brigade special purpose The NKVD, the actions of front-line intelligence agencies, which throughout the war were thrown into the near and far rear of the enemy, as well as partly the actions of special groups during the Far Eastern offensive operation.

Therefore, it was clear that for solving reconnaissance and sabotage tasks, it was not large military formations that were best suited, but small and mobile groups, which, in turn, required special training, different from the training of combined arms (motorized rifle, airborne) units.

In addition, almost immediately after the war, the potential enemy had targets, on the discovery and destruction of which the life or death of entire combined arms formations, large political and industrial centers depended - airfields of bombers equipped with nuclear bombs. Small sabotage groups, deployed in advance to the area where the mission was located, could theoretically destroy enemy nuclear aircraft at these airfields, or at least disrupt a mass takeoff at the right time (according to Soviet military leaders).

It was decided to form such sabotage units under the wing of the Main Intelligence Directorate General Staff, since it was the intelligence officers who were subordinated to the sabotage formations during the war.

October 24, 1950, by directive of the Minister of War of the USSR, in fact the company special purpose could be called “companies of paratrooper miners,” but due to the special focus of their tasks, they received the name they received.

At the very beginning of the 50s, the Soviet Army suffered a large reduction.

Divisions, brigades and regiments were reduced by tens and hundreds, many corps, armies and districts were disbanded. The GRU special forces did not escape the fate of reductions either - in 1953, 35 special forces companies were disbanded. Special intelligence was saved from complete reduction by General N.V.

Ogarkov, who was able to prove to the government the need to have similar formations in the USSR Armed Forces.

A total of 11 special purpose companies were retained. There are companies left in the most important operational areas:

18th separate company special purpose of the 36th combined arms army of the Transbaikal Military District (in the area of ​​Borzya);

26th separate special purpose company of the 2nd Guards Mechanized Army of the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany (garrison in Fürstenberg);

27th separate special purpose company (district) in the Northern Group of Forces (Poland, Strzegom);

36th separate special purpose company of the 13rd combined arms army of the Carpathian Military District (Khmelnitsky);

43rd separate special purpose company of the 7th Guards Army of the Transcaucasian Military District (Lagodekhi);

61st separate special purpose company of the 5th combined arms army of the Primorsky Military District (Ussuriysk);

75th separate special forces company in the Special Mechanized Army (Hungary, Nyiregyhaza);

76th separate special purpose company of the 23rd combined arms army of the Leningrad Military District (Pskov);

77th separate special purpose company of the 8th mechanized army of the Carpathian Military District (Zhitomir);

78th separate special purpose company (district) in the Tauride Military District (Simferopol);

92nd separate special purpose company of the 25th combined arms army of the Primorsky Military District (Fighter Kuznetsov).

Among total number disbanded special forces companies, mention should be made of companies that, in addition to general “special forces” training, also had special conditions of service: for example, soldiers of the 99th separate special forces company (district) of the Arkhangelsk Military District in combat training were focused on performing tasks in difficult conditions of the Arctic, intelligence officers of the 200th separate special forces company of the Siberian Military District studied “Chinese. theater of military operations, and the personnel of the 227th separate special purpose company of the 9th combined arms army of the North Caucasus Military District underwent mountain training.

In 1956, the 61st separate special purpose company of the 5th combined arms army of the Far Eastern Military District was redeployed to the Turkestan Military District in the city of Kazandzhik. Probably, the leadership of the General Staff finally decided to pay attention to the southern “Islamic” direction. The second wave of the formation of separate special-purpose companies occurred in the early 70s.

Apparently, at this time the fathers of the General Staff decided to give a “special purpose tool” not only to the fronts (districts), but also to some combined arms formations. As a result, several separate companies were formed for armies and army corps. Several companies were formed for internal military districts that previously did not have special reconnaissance units. In particular, the 791st separate special-purpose company was formed in the Siberian Military District. In the Western Group of Forces in Germany and on Far East separate companies were formed in each army.

In 1979, the 459th separate special-purpose company was formed as part of the Turkestan Military District for the purpose of subsequent use in Afghanistan. The company will be introduced into the DRA and will show itself in the best possible way. Another wave of the formation of separate special-purpose companies occurred in the mid-80s. Then companies were formed in all armies and corps, which until that moment did not have such units. Companies were formed even in such exotic (but completely justified) directions as Sakhalin (877th separate special-purpose company of the 68th Army Corps) and Kamchatka (571st separate special-purpose company of the 25th Army Corps).

In the "democratic" . Russia after the separation of the “free”. republics and the withdrawal of troops from countries that are no longer socialist, eight military districts with the corresponding number of armies and corps remained. Some of the individual special-purpose companies took part in the first Chechen war, where they were used as military reconnaissance, as guards for columns and precious bodies of the command - in general, as always, for “special purposes”. All companies subordinate to the North Caucasus Military District, as well as two companies of the Moscow Military District, one of which, the 806th, was formed literally the day before, were deployed according to wartime standards. Chechen campaign as part of the 1st Guards Tank Army, withdrawn from Germany to Smolensk.

In addition, by the summer of 1996, as part of the 205th motorized rifle brigade, a new, 584th separate special-purpose company was formed. At the end of this war, another reduction followed Russian army, including its intelligence agencies. In order to preserve large special forces formations, the GRU made acceptable sacrifices - it gave up individual special forces companies to be “eaten up.” By the end of 1998, separate special-purpose companies (with the exception of two companies located in special directions: the 75th, subordinate to the Kaliningrad defensive region and the 584th, by this time transferred to the subordination of the headquarters of the 58th combined arms army) in the structure of the Russian Armed Forces ceased to exist.

Later, already during the Second Chechen war, in the North Caucasus Military District, for operations on the territory of Chechnya, six unnumbered special purpose companies had to be formed (three companies consisting of the 131st, 136th, 205th Motorized Rifle Brigade and three companies in the reconnaissance battalions of the 19th, 20th and 42nd Motorized Rifle Division). These companies, according to the combat training plans of special forces units, performed the required number of parachute jumps at the airfields of the district.

In 1957, the leadership of the USSR Armed Forces decided to reorganize five special forces companies into battalions. By the end of the year, the USSR Armed Forces included five special-purpose battalions and four separate special-purpose companies:

26th separate special forces battalion of the GSVG (Furstenberg);

27th Special Purpose Hotel Battalion SGV (Strzegom);

36th separate special purpose battalion of the PrikVO (Khmelnitsky);

43rd separate special purpose battalion 3akVO (Lagodekhi);

61st separate special purpose battalion of TurkVO (Kazandzhik);

18th separate special purpose company 36th unit 3aBVO (Borzya);

75th separate special purpose company of the South Georgian Army (Nyiregyhaza);

77th separate special purpose company 8th TD PrikVO (Zhitomir);

78th separate special purpose company of the OdVO (Simferopol).

At the same time, two companies were disbanded, whose personnel went to staff new battalions. For example, the 92nd separate special forces company of the 25th Army of the Far Eastern Military District was urgently loaded onto a train and sent to Poland - on the basis of this company (and the 27th company of the Northern Group of Forces) the 27th was formed in the State Guard Forces separate special forces battalion. The transfer of special forces units to a battalion structure made it possible to optimize the training process, freeing a significant part of the personnel from garrison and guard duty. Three battalions were concentrated in the western (European) direction, one was in the Caucasus and another in Central Asia.

There were three companies in the western direction, and at that time we had only one special purpose company in the eastern direction as part of the 36th Army of the Transbaikal Military District. Subsequently, after the creation of brigades, special-purpose battalions began to be called “detachments,” and organizationally they were all part of the brigades. Starting from the 60s, battalions did not exist as independent combat units, except for individual detachments of brigades, which could be separated from the formation for operations in individual operational directions, but in peacetime continued to remain in brigades.

The experience of conducting combat training and various exercises has shown the need to create formations in the GRU system that are much larger than the existing individual battalions, which could solve an expanded range of tasks.

In particular, during a threatened period, special forces units were supposed to engage not only in reconnaissance and sabotage behind enemy lines, but also in the formation of partisan detachments in occupied territory (or in territory that could be occupied). In the future, relying on these partisan formations, the special forces had to solve their problems. It was the partisan orientation that was the priority combat mission of the created formations.

In accordance with the resolution of the CPSU Central Committee of August 20, 1961 “On the training and development of special equipment for organizing and equipping partisan detachments” with a directive of the General Staff of February 5, 1962 in order to train and accumulate personnel for deployment partisan movement V war time The commanders of the military districts were ordered to select 1,700 reserve troops, bring them into a brigade and conduct thirty-day training sessions.

After training, the personnel were assigned special military specialties. They were prohibited from being booked for national economy and not used for its intended purpose.

By a directive of the General Staff of March 27, 1962, projects for the staffing of special forces brigades for peace and war were developed.

Since 1962, the creation of 10 squadron brigades began, the formation and arrangement of which was largely completed by the end of 1963:

2nd Special Forces Regiment (military unit 64044), formed on December 1, 1962 (according to other sources, in 1964) on the basis of the collapsed 76th Special Forces of the Leningrad Military District and personnel of the 237th Guards Parachute Regiment, first commander - D. N. Grishakov; Leningrad Military District, Pechory, Promezhitsy;

4th ObrSpN (military unit 77034), formed in 1962 in Riga, first commander - D. S. Zhizhin; Baltic Military District, then transferred to Viljandi;

5th ObrSpN (military unit 89417), formed in 1962, first commander - I. I. Kovalevsky; Belarusian Military District, Maryina Gorka;

8th ObrSpN (military unit 65554), formed in 1962 on the basis of the 36th ObrSpN, Carpathian Military District, Izyaslav, Ukraine;

9th ObrSpN (military unit 83483), formed in 1962, first commander - L. S. Egorov; Kiev Military District, Kirovograd, Ukraine;

10th ObrSpN (military unit 65564), formed in 1962, Odessa Military District, Old Crimea, Pervomaisky;

12th ObrSpN (military unit 64406), formed in 1962 on the basis of the 43rd ObrSpN, first commander - I. I. Geleverya; 3Caucasian Military District, Lagodekhi, Georgia;

14th Regiment of Special Forces (military unit 74854), formed on January 1, 1963 on the basis of the 77th Regiment, first commander - P. N. Rymin; Far Eastern Military District, Ussuriysk;

15th ObrSpN (military unit 64411), formed on January 1, 1963 on the basis of the 61st ObrSpN, first commander - N. N. Lutsev; Turkestan Military District, Chirchik, Uzbekistan;

16th ObrSpN (military unit 54607), formed on January 1, 1963, first commander - D. V. Shipka; Moscow Military District, Chuchkovo.

The brigades were formed mainly by airborne and ground forces. For example, the officer core of the 14th Special Operations Brigade of the Far Eastern Military District, when formed, was staffed by officers of the 98th Guards Airborne Division from Belogorsk (from which 14 officers came to the brigade - participants in the Great Patriotic War), and the personnel conscript service was recruited from military registration and enlistment offices.

Basically, the formation of the first ten brigades ended at the beginning of 1963, but, for example, the 2nd Special Brigade, according to some sources, was finally formed only in 1964.

The organizational and staffing structure of a separate special forces brigade in 1963 was as follows:

Brigade headquarters (about 30 people);

One deployed Special Forces detachment (164 people on staff);

Special radio communications detachment with a reduced staff (about 60 people);

Three squadroned Special Forces detachments;

Two squadroned separate Special Forces detachments;

Economic support company;

In addition, the brigade included such collapsed units as:

Special mining company;

Special weapons group (ATGM, RS "Grad-P.., P3RK).

In peacetime, the number of a squadron brigade did not exceed 200-300 people; according to wartime standards, a fully deployed special forces brigade consisted of more than 2,500 people.

At the beginning of their existence, the brigades were squadroned, and, in particular, in the 9th Special Operations Brigade, stationed in Ukraine in the city of Kirovograd, there were initially six detachments, in which only the first detachment had two special forces companies, a special weapons platoon and a special radio communications platoon. The remaining five detachments had only commanders. The command, headquarters and political department of the brigade consisted of thirty people. Colonel L.S. Egorov was appointed the first commander of the 9th brigade, but soon he received a spinal injury during parachute jumps, and Colonel Arkhireev was appointed commander of the brigade.

By the end of 1963, the USSR Armed Forces included (some in the process of formation):

Twelve separate special forces companies;

Two separate special forces battalions;

Ten separate brigades special purpose (cadre).

Soon, special forces units and units were reorganized, as a result of which by the end of 1964 the following remained in the USSR Armed Forces:

Six separate special forces companies;

Two separate special forces battalions (26th and 27th) in the western direction;

Ten separate squadroned special forces brigades.

In August 1965, the Chief of the General Staff for generals and military intelligence officers and special forces units engaged in combat training of personnel in guerrilla tactics approved

"Manual on the organization and tactics of partisans".

At that time, special forces brigades were perceived by everyone as a reserve for deployment behind enemy lines in a guerrilla war. The special forces were even called that: “partisans.” The experience of creating such formations seems to have come from the preparation of the partisan special reserve in the late 20s - early 30s; as is known, all its participants were repressed in the late 30s.

A similar attitude towards trained saboteurs has been preserved in modern times: the authorities are still afraid of having qualified specialists in sabotage warfare, reasonably fearing for their own well-being. The whole country saw on television the very vague trials of Colonels P. Ya. Popovskikh and V. V. Kvachkov, the group of Captain E. Ulman. Nevertheless, the creation of “partisan” units was in full swing.

In 1966, the 165th Special Purpose Training Center was formed in the Odessa Military District to train specialists from foreign reconnaissance and sabotage units (and in fact, militants of the people's liberation movements). The center was based in the Simferopol area and existed at least until 1990.

During this time, the center trained many highly qualified terrorist fighters for a great many revolutions. Graduates of this educational unit in different parts of the globe overthrew governments, killed and kidnapped opponents of communism, caused damage to world imperialism and otherwise implemented the special knowledge acquired in Simferopol. Not all trained saboteurs were immediately sent to combat areas - some graduates were legalized in prosperous countries of Europe, America and Asia. They lived and worked for the benefit of their countries, but according to a signal known to them, these militants gathered in the right place, received weapons and carried out special tasks. In the event of the outbreak of a major war, these conspiratorial groups were supposed to become a support for the GRU special forces groups sent behind enemy lines. Apparently, this system is still relevant today.

In 1966 in Fürstenberg (Garrison Werder, Neu-Timmen) on the basis of the 5th Guards Separate Reconnaissance Motorcycle Battalion (formerly the 5th Guards Warsaw-Berlin Reconnaissance Motorcycle Regiment during the war, which was formed in 1944) By directive of the Commander-in-Chief of the GSVG, on the basis of the 26th ObrSpN with the involvement of the forces of the 27th ObrSpN, 48th and 166th Orb, a new type of special forces formation was formed - the 3rd ObrSpN, which inherited the guards rank from the 5th Motorcycle Battalion . Colonel R.P. Mosolov was appointed commander of the new brigade. The brigade received the code name military unit 83149. The main difference between the new brigade and the existing ones was that the brigade, even during its formation, expanded to a full, special staff, and also that the brigade included separate units - separate special forces units.

This brigade at that time was the most fully equipped (up to 1,300 personnel) and was in constant combat readiness to carry out its intended tasks. The brigade detachments were formed according to a slightly different staff than the brigade detachments that were stationed in the USSR. These detachments had a staff of 212 people, while the “allied” brigades had detachments with a staff of only 164 people. Full name of the unit: 3rd Separate Guards Red Banner Warsaw-Berlin Order of Suvorov 3rd Class Special Purpose Brigade.

Special forces units were formed within the brigade: 501st, 503rd, 509th, 510th, 512th.

Special forces units, being staffed by physically strong and hardy soldiers and officers, were often involved in performing special tasks not only of a “sabotage” nature. So, in 1966, units of the 15th Specialized Brigade took part in the liquidation of the consequences of the earthquake in Tashkent - soldiers cleared away the rubble and pulled out survivors from the ruins. In 1970 - the elimination of the consequences of the cholera epidemic in the Astrakhan region, and in 1971 - the elimination of the consequences of the black smallpox epidemic in Aralsk - intelligence officers, together with the police, participated in the isolation of persons who had contact with the infected.

In 1972, the 16th Special Operations Brigade carried out a government task to eliminate forest fires in the Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Gorky regions. For completing this task, the brigade was awarded a Certificate of Honor from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR.

Based on the results of combat and political training in 1967, the 14th brigade became one of the advanced formations of troops and units of the Far Eastern Military District and was included in the Book of Honor of the CDVO troops. The entire personnel of the unit was expressed gratitude by the commanders of the CDVO.

In 1968, a serviceman of the 1st battalion of the 14th Special Operations Brigade, Sergeant Vasilevsky, ran along the Ussuriysk-Vladivostok highway for the first time in the history of Primorye. 104 km were covered in 8 hours 21 minutes. Sergeant Vasilevsky dedicated his run to the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol.

The 14th Brigade took an active part in combat training. During the period from June 22 to June 27, 1970, brigade personnel took part in district reconnaissance exercises conducted by the district chief of staff. The actions of personnel during the exercises were checked by a GRU General Staff commission headed by Lieutenant General Tkachenko and Colonel Galitsin. During the exercises, personnel parachuted and landed in Primorye, the Amur Region and on Sakhalin Island and completed all tasks with a “good” rating. In the period from August 21 to 28, 1971, personnel took part in district reconnaissance exercises, during which 20 RGSpN were parachuted into Primorye. Amur region and to Sakhalin Island with the subsequent implementation of reconnaissance missions. All tasks were successfully completed.

In 1968, under the leadership of a senior officer of the GRU General Staff, Colonel Shchelokov, the 9th company of special forces cadets consisting of three platoons was created at the Lenin Komsomol RVVDKU, and in 1979 the company was deployed into a battalion of special forces (lZ-th and 14th companies) .

Also, the Kiev Combined Arms Command School, which trained officers with the specialty “referent translator,” was involved in training personnel for special forces.

In 1978 at the Military Academy. M. V. Frunze created the 4th training group of special forces officers at the intelligence faculty. In 1981, the first graduation of the special forces group took place.

In 1969, on the basis of the 16th Special Operations Brigade of the Moscow Military District in the village of Chuchkovo, Ryazan Region, the GRU General Staff conducted an operational-strategic experimental exercise, the purpose of which was to work out the issues of combat use of special-purpose units. To ensure the transfer of personnel and cargo behind enemy lines, military transport aviation was involved. Take-off and landing airfield - Dyagilevo. To designate nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction, their security and defense, as well as to counter the landing forces, collect and store their parachutes, six personnel were involved (2nd, 4th, 5th, 8th, 9th and 10th) special purpose brigades.

In 1970, a special-purpose training company was deployed in Pechory, which was later reorganized into a training battalion, and then into the 1071st special-purpose training regiment (military unit 51064), which trained junior commanders and specialists for special-purpose units. At the 1071st UPSN there was a school for warrant officers for special forces units.

Since the mid-70s, the General Staff has found an opportunity to deploy brigades, increasing the number of personnel in them. As a result of this decision, it was possible to staff the brigade units by 60-80%. From this period, special forces brigades became combat-ready and were no longer considered only as a partisan reserve.

On June 12, 1975, the Chief of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces approved the “Instructions for combat use special purpose formations, units and subunits (brigade, detachment, battalion).

In 1972, as part of the Group Soviet troops in Mongolia, two brigades were formed, the numbering of which is on the same line as the numbers of special-purpose brigades, but these brigades were called “separate reconnaissance brigades.” In the US Army, in terms of the scope of tasks performed, there was an analogue to similar individual reconnaissance brigades - armored cavalry regiments. The new brigades included three separate reconnaissance battalions, armed with infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers, and combat support units, which was due to the nature of the terrain in the GSVM responsibility zone. However, each of these brigades had "jumping" reconnaissance and landing companies, and each brigade also had its own separate helicopter squadron. Most likely, when creating these brigades, the General Staff tried to find the optimal organization of special forces units that were to operate in mountainous desert areas.

As a result, the 20th and 25th separate units were formed reconnaissance brigades. Similar formations in Soviet army there was nowhere else. In the mid-80s, these brigades were reorganized into separate mechanized brigades and became part of the newly formed 48th Guards Army Corps, and with the collapse of the USSR, after the withdrawal of troops from Mongolia, they were disbanded.

At the end of the 1970s, the General Staff sought the opportunity to transfer special forces brigades from cadre to deployed personnel, as well as to find reserves for the formation of two more brigades. The 22nd Special Forces Brigade was formed on July 24, 1976 in the Central Asian Military District in the city of Kapchagay on the basis of one of the detachments of the 15th Brigade, a company of the special radio communications detachment of the 15th Brigade, the 525th and 808th separate special forces companies Central Asian and Volga military districts. Until 1985, the brigade was located in Kapchagai, later it changed locations several times and in given time located near the city of Aksai, Rostov region (military unit 11659).

24th Special Forces Brigade was formed in the Trans-Baikal Military District on November 1, 1977 on the basis of the 18th Special Forces and was initially stationed in the area of ​​the village. Kharabyrka village, Chita region (23rd site), then in 1987 it was transferred to the village. Kyakhta village, and in 2001 was transferred to Ulan-Ude (military unit 55433), and then to Irkutsk. When the brigade was transferred to Kyakhta, the 282nd special forces unit was transferred to the subordination of the 14th special forces brigade of the Far Eastern Military District and redeployed to the city of Khabarovsk.

Later, in 1984, in the Siberian Military District, on the basis of the 791st Special Forces Brigade, the 67th Special Forces Brigade was formed, which is stationed in the city of Berdsk Novosibirsk region(military unit 64655).

In 1985, during the Afghan war, in Chirchik, on the site of the 15th Brigade that had gone to Afghanistan, the 467th Special Forces Training Regiment (military unit 71201) was formed, which trained personnel for special forces operating in Afghanistan. The regiment consisted of training battalions and support units. The training regiment had great privileges in the selection of personnel. If, when selecting conscripts for this regiment, an officer encountered any difficulties at the recruiting station, the issues that arose were resolved with one phone call to the GRU.

Second Muslim Battalion

Formation of the 177th separate special forces detachment

Kerimbaev Boris Tukenovich
Commander of the 177th separate special forces detachment in 1981-1983

Due to the deterioration of Soviet-Chinese relations, one of the main tasks of the brigade in the late 1970s and 1980s was reconnaissance and sabotage activities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.
Following the results of the Sino-Vietnamese War in February - March 1979, in January 1980, on the basis of the 22nd Special Forces Special Forces, the 177th separate special forces detachment was created
(177th ooSpN). For this task, 300 soldiers of Uighur nationality (indigenous to the XUAR of China) are selected from among the military construction units of the Moscow Military District. Turkic-speaking graduates of combined arms schools are selected for officer positions in the 177th Special Forces Command School, mainly the Almaty Combined Arms Command School named after Konev
(up to 70%) by nationality - Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Turkmens.
An accelerated Chinese language course was introduced for the officers of the detachment.
...Somewhere in September '81, they announced that we would take the autumn test to the Moscow commission, and that in addition to combat training subjects, they would also test knowledge Chinese language. A Chinese language instructor arrived from the district intelligence department and we quickly began to study it, that is, Chinese. The topic is the interrogation of a prisoner of war. They wrote down Chinese words in Russian letters and learned them by heart. So, learning Chinese in a month is not a myth, at least for us military men, we can. But it didn’t last long, after two weeks the language study was canceled...
- "Kara Major's Detachment." Zhantasov Amangeldy. Memoirs of an officer of the 177th Special Forces
Captain Kerimbaev Boris Tukenovich, a graduate of the Tashkent General Arms School, who served in command positions in reconnaissance units of motorized rifle troops, was appointed commander of the detachment.
In connection with the selection of personnel on a national basis, the 177th special forces unit at that time among the military would be called the 2nd Muslim battalion, in association with the 154th special forces unit (1st formation), which participated in the Assault on Amin’s palace, personnel which was recruited from Uzbeks, Tajiks and Turkmens and which was unofficially called the Muslim Battalion.
Like the 154th special forces unit (1st formation), the 177th special forces unit will be a combined battalion of 6 companies. In the history of special forces of the USSR Armed Forces, both detachments will be the first formations in terms of the uniqueness of their composition.
The consolidation of the battalions consisted in the fact that the usual staff of a separate special-purpose battalion, consisting of three reconnaissance companies, additionally included (consolidated) three more companies - a grenade launcher, an engineer-flamethrower (engineer-mortar) and a transport company. Also, in addition to the indicated companies, separate platoons/groups were added to the battalion staff - an anti-aircraft artillery group, a repair platoon, a headquarters security group and a medical platoon. Similar own divisions functional tasks, there was no equipment and weapons on staff for special purpose brigades, so the recruitment of military personnel and the supply of military equipment to additional units was carried out from other military units belonging to various branches of the military. The purpose of such a change in the organizational structure of the battalion was to increase the firepower of the units and increase the autonomy of the battalion during combat operations.
By the end of January 1980, the recruitment of the 177th Special Forces was completed and combat training began curriculum special forces. In April 1980, the GRU General Staff commission conducted the first inspection of the 177th special forces unit.
In May 1980, a comprehensive inspection was carried out during a forced march to the regional training ground of the SAVO ground forces in the village. Otar, Zhambyl region of the Kazakh SSR, with a squad exercise (battalion tactical exercise/BTU).
By the spring of 1981, the time had come for conscripts to be transferred to the reserve. There was a need for a new set. Mostly warriors of Uyghur nationality left. With the new recruitment of the 177th Special Forces, the requirements for Uyghur nationality were no longer required due to the changed international situation. Priority in recruitment was made according to the nationalities of Central Asia (Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Tajiks, Kyrgyz). With this choice, the GRU GSh changed the intended combat mission for the 177th Special Forces. Having completed the unit, we again began combat coordination. The 177th special forces unit was being prepared to be sent to Afghanistan.
In September 1981, the 177th special forces passed a test on combat and political training by the GRU General Staff commission.
Participation in the Afghan War of the 177th Special Forces
Organizational and staffing structure of the 177th separate special forces detachment for the summer of 1982.
On October 29, 1981, the 177th special forces unit (military unit 43151), created on the basis of the 22nd special forces unit, was introduced into Afghanistan and redeployed to the vicinity of the city of Meimen, Faryab province. From that moment on, the 22nd Special Operations Brigade formally began its participation in the Afghan War.
The combat activity of the 177th special forces unit was limited to reconnaissance searches, ambush operations and participation in open combat in the area of ​​​​location. In January 1982, the detachment participated in a military operation under populated area Darzob then stood there as a garrison for four months, conducting reconnaissance and search raids.
In May 1982, the detachment returned to Maymene.

Organizational structure of the battalion

At the end of May 1982, the 177th Special Forces transferred the zone of responsibility it controlled in the Meymenemotovotmaneuverny group (MMG) of the 47th Kerkinsky border detachment of the Red Banner Central Asian Border District and went to the Panjshir Gorge, which had just been liberated by Soviet troops. Here the detachment performed partly a military-political task: it was necessary to refute the promise of the head of the opposition forces, Ahmad Shah Massoud, that in a month there would be no Soviet soldier will not be in the gorge. The detachment held out for eight months, and during this time incurred military and special operations heavy losses - about 40 people killed. The 177th Special Forces left only after a truce was concluded with Ahmad Shah Massoud. Upon withdrawal from the Panjshir Gorge, the 177th special forces unit was stationed in the city of Gulbahor, Parvan province, conducting special operations in the city and its environs. Units of the detachment carried out combat missions in the Salang pass, near Kabul, Jalalabad and in the vicinity of Bagram.
Since February 1984, the 177th special forces unit was redeployed to Ghazni. In March 1985, he was transferred from the 22nd ObrSpN to the 15th ObrSpN[

(brief military historical background)

...Only infinitely courageous and determined soldiers can do what the special forces did in Afghanistan. The people who served in the special forces battalions were professionals of the highest standard.

Colonel General Gromov B.V.
(“Limited contingent”)

During the entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan, in addition to the 154th “Muslim” battalion already located here, the 40th Army included another special forces unit - the 459th separate company, staffed by volunteers from the 15th special forces brigade of the TurkVO. The company had four groups, according to the state, and initially there were no armored vehicles (the company was subordinate to the reconnaissance department of the 40th Army). This company was the first unit to participate in combat operations in Afghanistan. On initial stage it carried out its operations throughout the country. The first special forces operation in the “Afghan war” was carried out by Captain Somov’s group.

In addition to this unit, in 1980-81. groups of the “Muslim battalion”, which by that time was already in the territory, were involved in conducting reconnaissance and implementing intelligence data Soviet Union. The battalion officers were also involved in training military personnel of combined arms and airborne units to perform special missions, since there were not enough regular reconnaissance units.

Considering the effectiveness of the special forces' actions demonstrated during this period, it was decided to strengthen the special forces of the 40th Army. Since the end of 1981, large-scale use of special forces units in Afghanistan began. In October 1981, two detachments were introduced: the 154th (the former “Muslim battalion”, in Afghanistan received the code name 1 OMSB) to the north of the country in Akchu, Jawzjan province, and the 177th (the second “Muslim battalion” based on 22- 1st special forces brigade of the Central Asian Military District, in Afghanistan - 2nd OMSB) in Meimen, Faryab province - to the north-west.

At first, the detachments were mainly engaged in combat operations to ensure the security of areas adjacent to the Soviet-Afghan border. In 1982, after the introduction of motorized maneuver groups of border troops into the northern provinces of Afghanistan, detachments were transferred to the center of the country: the 1st battalion to Aibak, Samangan province, the 2nd to Ruhu in Panjshir, Kapisa province, and a year later to Gulbahor, Parvan province.

The Kabul company carried out combat missions, mainly in the Kabul region and provinces bordering Pakistan.

The training battalion of the TurkVO special forces brigade in Chirchik was preparing military personnel for service in Afghanistan. Gunner-operators, mechanic-drivers of infantry fighting vehicles, drivers of armored personnel carriers, came from combined arms educational units, other specialists are from the training regiment in the Leningrad Military District. In 1985, in addition to the training battalion in Chirchik, a special forces training regiment was formed to train sergeants and specialists. These two units trained military personnel only for service in Afghanistan, through which most of the officers of this unit passed.

By 1984, it became clear that the main task of the special forces was to create a barrier to supplying the rebels with weapons, ammunition and materiel from Pakistan and partly Iran. Therefore, in the spring of 1984, special forces units were redeployed to the Pakistani border and the number of battalions was increased: the 1st battalion was transferred from Aibak to Jalalabad, Nargarhar province, the 2nd to the village. Pajak, near Ghazni, Ghazni province. In February 1984, the 173rd detachment (in Afghanistan - the 3rd OMSB) from the 12th Transcaucasus Brigade was introduced into the Kandahar airfield area, Kandahar province.

In April 1984, an operation was carried out to block part of the Pakistani border and the “Curtain” zone was created along the Kandahar-Ghazni-Jalalabad line. A “caravan war” began, which lasted more than 4 years and made the special forces a legend of the 40th Army. Performing tasks to close the borders required great forces and therefore, at the end of 1984 - beginning of 1985, the special forces were doubled.

In the fall of 1984, the 668th detachment (4th OMSB) from the 9th special forces brigade of the Kyiv Military District was brought into Kalagulai, near Bagram, Lagman province. At the beginning of 1985, three additional detachments were introduced: from the 16th special forces brigade of the Moscow Military District near Lashkar Gah, Helmand province, the 370th detachment (6th OMSB) was deployed, from the 5th brigade of the Belarusian Military District - to Asadabad, Kunar province, 334th Detachment (5th Infantry Infantry), from the 8th Brigade of the Carpathian Military District - near Shahdzhoy, Zobul Province, 186th Detachment (7th Infantry Infantry Infantry). In addition to these battalions, the 411th Special Forces Detachment (8th Infantry Motorized Infantry Division) was formed right in Afghanistan, stationed in the Iranian direction, near the Farakhrut Bridge on the Shindand-Girishk highway; The 4th battalion from near Bagram was transferred to the village of Sufla, on the Gardez-Kabul highway, near Barakibarak, Kabul province.

All detachments were formed in the image of a “Muslim” battalion, with some changes in the organizational and headquarters structure. These eight battalions were combined into two brigades, whose headquarters were introduced into Afghanistan in April 1985. The 22nd special forces brigade (from the Central Asian Military District), which stood near Lashkargah, included: the 3rd “Kandahar”, 6th “Lashkargah”, 7th “Shahjoy” and 8th “Farakhrut” battalions. The 15th brigade (from TurkVO) in Jalalabad included the remaining battalions: 1st “Jalalabad”, 2nd “Ghazni”, 4th “Barakinsky” and 5th “Asadabad”. “Kabul” 459 – I company remained separate.

All battalions were mostly stationed near the Pakistani and partly Iranian border, operating on 100 caravan routes. They prevented new rebel units and caravans with weapons and ammunition from entering Afghanistan. Unlike other battalions, the 5th "Asadabad" battalion operated mainly in the mountains of Kunar province, against bases, training centers and warehouses of the rebels.

In total, by the summer of 1985, there were eight battalions and a separate special forces company in Afghanistan, which could simultaneously deploy up to 76 reconnaissance groups. To coordinate the activities of special forces units, a Combat Control Center (CBU) was created in the intelligence department of the 40th Army, consisting of 7-10 officers, headed by the deputy chief of intelligence for special work. There were such central control units in brigades and in all special forces battalions.

Despite all efforts, special forces intercepted 12-15% of all caravans from Pakistan and Iran, although some battalions destroyed 2-3 caravans every month. According to the special forces themselves and intelligence data, only in one of the three exits did the special forces collide with the enemy. But the special forces were always morally determined to win, thanks to the high fighting spirit of their soldiers and officers.

After Kabul announced a policy of national reconciliation in January 1987 and, in connection with this, the reduction in the number of combat operations of Soviet troops, special forces remained the most active part of the 40th Army and continued to carry out their tasks to the same extent. The Islamic opposition rejected peace proposals, and the flow of caravans from abroad intensified. In 1987 alone, special forces units intercepted and destroyed 332 caravans. The “caravan war” continued until the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan.

In May 1988, special forces units were among the first to leave Afghan soil. The following were withdrawn: the headquarters of the 15th brigade and three battalions (Jalalabad, Asadabad, Shahjoi) from the southeast of Afghanistan. Two other battalions of the 15th brigade (Ghazni, Barakinsky) were transferred to Kabul.

In August 1988, three battalions of the 22nd brigade left from the south and southwest (Lashkar Gah, Farah, Kandahar).

By the fall of 1988, two battalions and a separate company remained in Afghanistan (all in Kabul), which until the end of the withdrawal of the 40th Army carried out combat missions to cover the capital and surrounding areas. All of these parts were among the last to be released in February 1989.

Due to the lack of complete information, it is not possible to provide a detailed analysis of the combat activities of each special forces battalion. But it is known that during the war years, special forces destroyed over 17 thousand rebels, 990 caravans, 332 warehouses, and captured 825 rebels. According to some reports, sometimes special forces units provided up to 80% of the results of the combat activities of the entire 40th Army, accounting for only 5-6% of the total number of Soviet troops in Afghanistan. The intensity of the struggle is also indicated by the loss figures: 184 people died in the 22nd brigade, about 500 people in the 15th brigade.

A notorious incident took place in April 1985 in the Maravar Gorge of Kunar province, when two groups of the 1st company of the “Asadabad” battalion were killed. Sometimes special forces groups died completely; B. Gromov’s memoirs mention three such cases in 1987-88.

For heroism and courage, 6 special forces servicemen were awarded the title of “Hero of the Soviet Union” (of which 4 people received this title posthumously): Private V. Arsenov (posthumously), Captain Y. Goroshko, Junior Sergeant Yu. Islamov (posthumously), Lieutenant N .Kuznetsov (posthumously), senior lieutenant O.Onischuk (posthumously). Hundreds of intelligence officers received orders, thousands received military medals.

The assessment of the activities of special forces in Afghanistan by American experts is interesting. Thus, in an article by David Ottowell in the Washington Post on July 6, 1989, it is written that “... the Soviet Union was able to show extreme flexibility in adapting Special Forces to the tasks of light infantry operations ...” and further: “... the only Soviet troops who fought successfully are special forces. appointments..."

In the difficult situation that has developed around the CIS after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the role of special forces units in protecting the interests of the commonwealth in the near abroad, using the Afghan experience, is increasing.

KAPCHAGAY BATTALION

Special task

In 1981, an order was issued by the head of the Main Intelligence Directorate and the General Staff to create a special forces detachment with a deployment point in the city of Kapchagai, Central Asian Military District. At the same time, a commission from the GRU and the intelligence department was created and began work on the formation of military unit 56712. In addition to the fact that national personnel were required, the following were taken into account without fail:

physical fitness of personnel;

good command of weapons and equipment that were in service with the military unit;

preparedness of personnel in knowledge of the language (primarily Uyghur, Uzbek, Tajik). Therefore, taking into account the expected tasks that the unit will solve, 50-60% were people of Uyghur nationality.

The first thing that arose was the appointment of a unit commander. The criteria remained the same as above. The intelligence department invited 4-5 commanders to a conversation, including me.

A little bit about yourself.

I, Kerimbaev Boris Tukenovich, was born on January 12, 1948 in the village. Ponds in Dzhambul district, Almaty region. After graduating from high school, in 1966 he entered the Tashkent Higher Command School named after. IN AND. Lenin. He graduated from it in 1970 and was sent to serve in the GSVG (Group of Soviet Forces in Germany). For three years he served as commander of a motorized rifle platoon. In 1973, he was appointed commander of a reconnaissance company. In 1975, he was replaced in the KSAVO, as a reconnaissance company commander. In 1977, he was appointed deputy chief of staff, and later - commander of the motorized rifle battalion of military unit 52857 in Temirtau. In 1980, he was assigned to the 10th Directorate of the General Staff for a trip abroad to Ethiopia as an adviser to the commander of an infantry brigade.

In January 1980, I sent my battalion’s equipment to Afghanistan, then left to receive new ones in return. Perhaps my fate was already being decided at that time. Before I had time to arrive in Temirtau with the equipment, I remember it was Sunday, the unit commander gave the order: on Monday at 10.00 to arrive at the SAVO intelligence department in Alma-Ata. Having exchanged one suitcase (“alarm”) for another, at the appointed time I was at the pass office of the KSAVO Headquarters at the intersection of Dzhandosov and Pravda streets and reported my arrival to the duty officer.

At this time, a lieutenant colonel came out to the checkpoint (I learned his name later - Trepak, he was an officer of the intelligence department). Seeing me, he took a closer look, came up and asked:

Where are you from, comrade major? What is your last name?

When he found out who I was, he grabbed his head. Imagine my state at this moment. Naturally I asked him:

Comrade Lieutenant Colonel, tell me where they are sending me? Maybe refuse?

However, he didn’t say anything to me, but only periodically grabbed his head with quiet exclamations of “Oh-oh-oh.”

After he left, I stood in a confused state for probably ten minutes, until a representative of the GRU of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces, Colonel Soldatenko, arrived at the pass office. He quickly, without any formalities, took me, almost by the hand, to the intelligence department to the GRU commission. Here I never found out where they wanted to send me. The truth was informed: the commission came to the conclusion that I was suitable and made a unanimous decision to approve my candidacy. When asked: “Where do I fit?” - they didn’t answer me.

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KERIMBAEV Boris Tukenovich

Directive of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces 314/2/0061 of 04/26/1979 served as the basis for the order of the commander of the TURKVO troops 21/4/00755 of 05/04/1979 on the formation of a separate special forces detachment of 538 people in the staff of 15 OBRSPN. Which went down in the history of our Fatherland as the “Muslim Battalion”. Colonels V.V. Kolesnik, O.U. Shvets, N.N. Lavrenev were involved in its formation. and Blokhin A.P., as well as the head of intelligence of TURKVO, Colonel Dunets V.V. In order to maintain secrecy, it was decided to resettle the detachment from the brigade’s military camp, by economically repairing the abandoned camp of the engineering battalion. The commander of the 2nd detachment of the 15th OBRSpN, Major I.Yu. Stoderevsky, who was assigned to supervise the construction of the town, received under his command a company of military builders, several dozen civilian builders from all the KECH of the district, two hundred personnel from the brigade as auxiliary workers. In 2 months, the renovation of the town was completed. The recruitment of a new battalion began at a rapid pace, exclusively from individuals of Central Asian nationalities. Personnel arrived from all districts. Mainly from airborne divisions and to a lesser extent from motorized rifle units.

Command staff of the 154 Special Forces Special Forces of the first formation

Major Kholbaev Khabib Tadzhibaevich, born in 1947, was appointed commander of the detachment. Graduate of Tashkent Higher Educational Institution named after. Lenin. Since 1969, he served in the 15th OBRSpN as a group commander, SPN company commander, and deputy commander of the SPN detachment for airborne forces. Captains Sakhatov M.T. (deputy), Ashurov A.M. (chief of staff), Sattarov A.S. (political officer), Ibragimov E.N. ), Major Dzhalilov D. (deputy for logistics).

The companies were commanded by senior lieutenants: Amangeldyev K.M., Sharipov V.S., Miryusupov M.M., and Captain Kudratov I.S.. Senior Lieutenant Prouta V.M. was appointed commander of the anti-aircraft artillery group. Captain Nikonov was appointed commander of the ORNO. Deputy commander of the ZAG, ensign Neverov Yu. Separate communications and support platoons were commanded by senior lieutenant Mirsaatov Yu.M. and senior warrant officer Rakhimov A.

Combat formation of detachment units

By June 1, 1979, out of a thousand candidates submitted, the detachment was fully staffed to 532 people. In a month and a half, the detachment, completely freed from outfits, guards and extraneous work, completed a year-long combat training program. The entire detachment personnel made parachute jumps. Combat coordination of the formed units was carried out.

On July 15, the battalion underwent an inspection of combat and political training by a GRU General Staff commission. The chief of staff of TURKVO, Lieutenant General G.F. Krivosheev, was present from the district. Tactical exercises with live firing were conducted on the topics: “Capture of a mountain pass”, “Capture of a communications center”, “Capture of a separate building”, “Capture of an airfield”, “ Fight in the city."

Particular attention was paid to combat coordination at the group, company, and battalion levels. Shooting and driving tests were taken at the training grounds of general arms and tank schools. There were no limits on fuel and ammunition. The grenade launchers fired at range, for time, at noise through smoke, at minimum distances. Who is supposed to take practical tasks in mine demolition. All were tested for physical endurance during forced marches of 30 kilometers. During the entire inspection, specialist translators monitored the personnel’s assimilation of commands in Farsi and knowledge of Arabic writing. As a result, the commission assessed the results of the audit as good. There was a lull.

Soldiers began to be recruited for guard duty and for various chores. Only almost every day,” recalled detachment veteran Rashid Abdullaev, “the units, in order of priority, went to the Tuzel airfield and practiced loading armored vehicles onto airplanes. They meticulously calculated how much ammunition and material assets could be taken in the vehicles so that the planes could lift them.

Reconnaissance on the ground

By order of the head of the GRU, the detachment commander, Major Kholbaev, and the deputy commanders of the 15th brigade, Majors Gruzdev and Turbulanov, flew to Kabul to reconnoiter the presidential palace, as well as the renovated Taj Beg Palace in Duralaman, where Amin soon moved.

Telegram to the Chief of the General Staff Ogarkov

"In the period from July 11 to July 17, 1979, reconnaissance was carried out in the city of Kabul with the aim of possibly using the 15th TURKVO special forces brigade. According to the Soviet ambassador and heads of intelligence services, the greatest intensification of rebels in the periphery and the city of Kabul is expected in August. In this regard, the ambassador asks: to transfer the detachment to Kabul before August 10. The development of the implementation of transfer measures will be entrusted to the Air Force Commander-in-Chief and the TURKVO commander. "

Army General Ivashutin

However, the transfer of the detachment was delayed. In mid-October, the “Muslim” battalion again began intensive combat training under the “Capture Objects” program. AKM and AKMS assault rifles, RPK machine guns and TT system pistols received from warehouses were targeted. At the end of November, another inspection of combat training took place, to which the authorities came from Moscow. “There were several options for transferring to Afghanistan,” said Kholbaev. “In addition to the flight, a march under our own power to Kabul was also considered.”

However, on December 4, 1979, Yu. Andropov and N. Ogarkov sent the now well-known note 312/2/0073 to the CPSU Central Committee: “Taking into account the current situation and at the request of Kh. Amin, we consider it advisable to send to Afghanistan a detachment of the GRU General headquarters with a total number of 500 people in uniforms that do not reveal their affiliation with the Armed Forces of the USSR."

First entry into Afghanistan

On the night of December 5, from the Chirchik airfield, on an AN-12 plane, the first group from the 3rd special forces company under the command of the deputy detachment commander, Captain M.T. Sakhatov, left for Afghanistan. The transfer of all battalion personnel was carried out on the night of December 9-10, from two airfields, in Chirchik and Tashkent (Tuzel), by AN-12, AN-22, and Il-76 aircraft. Each flight took 45 minutes to depart. The interval between flights was no more than two hours. The departure was carried out in three flights of seven aircraft each to Bagram airfield. To accommodate the battalion at the Bagram airbase, Captain Sakhatov’s group prepared CSS tents at the rate of one for each company and for headquarters. Subsequently, the detachment was redeployed southwest of Kabul to the Dar-ul Aman area to strengthen the security of the Taj Beg presidential palace. 12/27/1979 at 19.00 began assault on the Taj Beg Palace, the operation ended at 23.00. Quite a lot has been written about how the “Muslim battalion” stormed this palace, and those who study or are simply interested in this topic have practically no questions left.

Only one thing should be added, the losses of the personnel of the “Muslim battalion” during the fighting during the storming of the Taj Beg Palace amounted to: 7 people killed (in addition, 5 KGB officers from the operational combat groups “Grom” and “Zenith” were killed, as well as 2 soldiers from the 9th parachute company of the 345th detachment attached to the detachment (company commander, Senior Lieutenant V. Vostrotin). One soldier of the SPN detachment died on January 6, 1980, as a result of a tragic accident. During Operation "Storm 333" they were injured of varying severity 67 servicemen of the SPN detachment.On January 10, 1980, the detachment was transferred back to Chirchik.

In April 1980, a Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was signed on awarding 370 military personnel of the 15 OBRSPN, participants in Operation Storm-333, with orders and medals of the USSR. 400 USSR KGB officers also received awards. At the end of 1981, efforts were made to increase the number of intelligence agencies. Two separate GRU special forces detachments are being introduced into Afghanistan for operations in the northern regions of the country. One of these battalions was - 154 OOSpN.

By that time, May 7, 1981, 154 OOSpN The unit's Battle Banner was awarded. The unit's holiday was determined to be April 26 (1979). Directive of the Chief of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces 4/372 of October 21, 1981 154 OOSpN planned for introduction into the DRA on October 26, 1981.

Second deployment of 154 special forces to Afghanistan

The detachment, after reorganization, without conducting combat coordination, under the command of Major I.Yu. Stoderevsky, on the night of October 29-30, 1981, crossed the state border with Afghanistan in the Termez region.

154 OOSpN for the period of hostilities received an open name - 1st separate motorized rifle battalion (military unit field mail 35651, call sign "Amur-35"). From October 30, 1981 to May 15, 1988 Detachment 154 took part in continuous hostilities with rebel armed forces. Destroying Mujahideen manpower through raids and ambushes, destroying enemy fortified areas (UR), front headquarters, Islamic committees, training centers, weapons and ammunition warehouses, participating in inspections of caravans and conducting aerial reconnaissance in the area of ​​​​responsibility.

The most famous combat operations of the detachment, after Storm 333, were:

• capture of dushman bases in Jar-Kuduk (Jawzjan province, December 1981),
• capture of dushman bases in Darzab (Fariab province, January 1982),
• lifting the blockade of Sancharak (Jawzjan province, April 1982).
• destruction of 2 gangs in Kuli-Ishan (Samangan province, October 1982),
• capture of dushman bases in the Marmol Gorge (Balkh province, March 1983). Operations in the provinces of Nangarhar and Kunar near Kulala, Bar-Koshmund, Bagicha, in SD "Goshta", SD "Karera", Loy-Termai, in the Black Mountains, near Shahidan, Mangval, Sarband, army operation "Vostok-88" and others .

Combat order of the commander 40OA 01 dated March 13, 1988. conclusion 154 OOSpN was identified by the first column from Jalalabad on May 15, 1988. 228 units of military equipment in one column completed the Jalalabad-Kabul-Puli-Khumri-Hairaton march in three days. On May 18, we crossed the state border of the USSR in the Termez region. On May 20, 1988, by rail, we completed access to the place of permanent deployment in the city of Chirchik, USSR.

The 154th separate special forces detachment was commanded by:

• Major Kholbaev Khabibdzhan Tadzhibaevich from 5.1979 to 8.1981.
• Major Kosteniuk Nikolai Mikhailovich from 8.1981 to 10.1981.
• Major Stoderevsky Igor Yurievich from 10.1981 to 11.1983.
• Major Olekseenko Vasily Ivanovich from 11.1983 to 2.1984.
• Major Portnyagin Vladimir Pavlovich from 2.1984 to 11.1984.
• Major Dementyev Alexey Mikhailovich from 11.1984 to 8.1985.
• Major Abzalimov Ramil Karimovich from 08.1985 to 10.1986.
• Major Giluch Vladislav Petrovich from 10.1986 to 11.1987.
• Captain Vorobyov Vladimir Fedorovich from 11.1987 to 6.1988.
• Major Kozlov Yuri Vsevolodovich from 6.1988 to 9.1990.
• Major Efimenko Anatoly Nikolaevich from 9.1990 to 9.1991.
• Lieutenant Colonel Svirin Valery Mikhailovich from 9.1991 to 9.1992.
• Major Vorontsov Sergey Anatolyevich from 9.1992 to 12.1994.

The special forces caused significant damage to the Islamic opposition, so according to the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces, the special forces of the GRU of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces destroyed 17,000 dushmans, 990 caravans and 332 warehouses, and captured 825 prisoners.

Results of reconnaissance and combat activities of the 154 Special Operations Forces as of May 1, 1983:

• 248 operations performed
• 955 rebels were killed.
• 452 people were captured.
• Captured small arms 566 units
• DShK machine guns 2 units
• Ammunition captured Ammunition - more than 100,000 pieces.
• Mines - 237 pcs.
• Grenades - 228 pcs.
• RPG shots - 183 pcs. Electric detonators - 5200 pcs.
• Detonator capsules - 8000 pcs.
• Mines for 60 mm mortar - 235 pcs.
• 16 cavalry horses captured
• 12 vehicles captured. and BRDM-1
• 9 Islamic committees destroyed
• The situation in the areas of responsibility of Jowzjan Province has been stabilized
• Samangan Province
• Our losses Killed - 34 people.
• Missing - 1 person.

Changing the squad's deployment

• June 1979 - December 1979 - Chirchik, Tashkent region, USSR;
• December 1979 - January 1980 - Bagram, Kabul, Afghanistan;
• February 1980 - October 1981 - Chirchik, Tashkent region, USSR;
• October 1981 - July 1982 - Akcha, Jawzjan province, Afghanistan;
• August 1982 - February 1984 - Aybak, Samangan province, Afghanistan;
• February 1984 - May 1988 - Jalalabad, Nangarhar province, Afghanistan;
• May 20, 1988 - May 1990 - Chirchik, Tashkent region, USSR, Uzbekistan.
• June 1990-1994 - Azadbash, Bastanlyk district, Tashkent region, USSR;
• December 1994 - 2000 transferred to the Ministry of Defense of Uzbekistan, renamed into the 28th separate reconnaissance battalion of the Armed Forces of the Ministry of Defense of Uzbekistan.
• 2000 - Disbanded.

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