Lyudochka Astafiev problems. Literary analysis by the story in

And literature MOU SOSH № 36

The topic of crime and punishment in the story of V. Astafieva "Lyudochka"

(Interpretation of text using the form)

Purpose of work: Consider the topic of crime and punishment in the story "Lyudochka".

Achieving the goal will contribute to the decision of the following tasks:

· To establish and analyze the causes of the crime (social, spiritual, environmental) in the story "Lyudochka";

· Use the video to more complete the topic disclosure.

Object Study is the story "Lyudochka", subject - The topic of crime and punishment in the story.

Introduction

The subject of crime and punishment is relevant and supported by humanity over the centuries. Many Russian and foreign writers revealed this topic. She was a grain of reflection of such authors as ("Crime and Punishment"), ("Master and Margarita"), O. Wilde ("Portrait of Dorian Gray"), A. Kama ("Strying"), R. Bradbury ("Punishment Without a crime "). Here we are talking not only about the punishment of physical or punishment by law, but also on the punishment of moral, punishment of conscience. Each of the authors, when considering this topic, tried to analyze and understand that he leads a person to commit the crime, whether it was laid in a person from nature or a crime, regardless of the identity, but only under the influence of some specific circumstances.

In the novel "Crime and Punishment" "does not allow the reader to remain only in the formally actual plan of a perfect crime. He translates him into the world plan of conscience ... into a moral plan. " Crime Raskolnikova - in the "thoughts", who betrayed his soul to the Devil. "The real crime is an inevitable consequence of a crime of a mental, much more terrible. Crime - in the incompleteness of faith. And all subsequent events are paying for it. " Punishment of Skolnikov in cutoff from the world, from people, in the flour of the extercined conscience, in governance.

in the novel, "Master and Margarita", in his own way, revealed the topic of crime and punishment, punishing the cynical and defensive ordinary people with the hands of a powerful and phantasmagoric character of Voland and his "otherworldly" suite. Woland can not be described as a pure evil carrying hero, as he plays a role not only of the "Lord of the Dark World", but also a tipper of justice over people, a powerful, but punishing people only sinners, spiritually empty and not having faith in the heart. Woland and his retinue are designed to disclose human vices disguised under the external appearance of decency and politeness. Here the penalty of the spiritual is the doomes of a person for eternal loneliness, the immacing of the soul (as in the case of the procurator of the Jews in Pontius Pilate), or, even worse - non-existence (the punishment of Berlioz for materialism and confusion). Sweet Voland punishes people, bringing them to madness.

In the work of Oscar Wilde "Portrait of Dorian Gray", the hero who did not committed a serious crime, carried a grievous punishment for his sins to the same extent. Dorian carried his burdensome, not giving rest even in a dream, the secret of eternal youth all his life. He had to see the decomposition of his own soul and flesh, hide from all his incredible mystery, which brought him terrible torment. Life has become unbearable and confused Doriana. The person who envied everything was dreamed of being in place of any of these people. And although the young man did not repented in his sins and did not realize the severity of his crimes, his life, which was realized that the dream was a real nightmare.

In the fantastic novel, R. Bradbury "Punishment without a crime" is considered the idea of \u200b\u200bpunishment of a person for a crime, not perfect in reality, but about which the protagonist, George Hill, thought. The work is a direct reference to the novel "Crime and Punishment". The main character of the death sentence is punishable for the fact that he wanted to make murder and even thought out all his details, wanted to enjoy and feel this sinful moment to calm and heal his soul. The author accuses him for this desire and believes that this is no less serious crime, since he has already poisoned by these thoughts.

We see that the punishment is moral many times harder to punish the physical and legal. How does the subject of crime and punishment reveal modern literature? And is it possible to transfer the features of the disclosure of this topic using modern visual means of the language? I decided to analyze the story of V. Astafieva "Lyudochka" using the form.

The term "video game" exists in our vocabulary not so long ago. The legendary poet Andrei Voznesensky, in particular, is also famous for the fact that he created the genre of the work - works in which the pictorial row is combined with verses. Video - A special way to transfer information used to disclose the inner essence of the phenomenon using a graphic sign or pattern. Voznesensky in his videos joined the figurative representation with the poetic, inserting a metaphorical representation of the image into the image. He himself said: "All this was associated with painting. The pictorial image walked parallel to poetic .... And when the video appeared, it became a kind of concentration of poetic. Therefore, poets appear in videos: Akhmatova, Yesenin, Mayakovsky. This is a metaphorically attempt, to read the poet. "

Voznesensky is his reflections on writers, their poetry, prose, drawings, presented figuratively and symbolic. I tried to interpret the text using the form in another 10th grade. It was the experience of a separate type of work. After reading the story "Lyudochka", decided to make a series of form to the story, with their help more fully and figuratively disclose the topic of crime and punishment in the story.

Main part

In the story of "Lyudochka" we see different types of crime of modern society: social, moral, environmental. These crimes are the wines of the new spoiled, according to the writer himself, the time that pushes people to sins. The writer raised the question of the moral responsibility of society for a crime committed by a separate personality. One of the main features of Viktor Petrovich's talent is the ability to cover problems that exciting many writers: the fall of morality, the collapse of the village, the growth of crime.

V. Astafyev in the story "Lyudochka" considered the problems of man and humanity concerned to this day, inseparable from the current reality. The subject of crime and punishment reveals in the image of the most ordinary gray everyday life, without introducing otherworldly forces, like Bulgakov and Wilde, where there are no bright contrasts in the image of life, the originality and exceptional individuality of the chief hero, like Dostoevsky. Heroes here are the most ordinary, representing the reflection of modern masses; Typical and, unfortunately, ordinary situations, forcing us to think about the device of real life. The author does not give names to almost all his heroes, emphasizing this that the story is not about the exceptional situation, this is the general presentation of the author about modern people. Nevertheless, giving her main heroine the name of the man, the author emphasizes that the name does not play any role here, since it is "depressing commonness" and "disarming simplicity." "Lyudochka" in this life can be anyone. This story is included in the collection of Astafieva "Brutal Romances", which makes up a complete and terrifying picture of the reality of the surrounding life. Literary critic Valentin Kurbatov said the following about Astafyev: "His good, his love was always twisted sadly, because," With all the sympathy to the people, related to him, "(), he knew this nation too much and saw him before the bottom, because that he himself was ... Life in his stories is so detailed, so abundant ... ". In the story "Blind Rybak" the author writes: "Who redeemed the light of good in our soul? Who blew the lamp of our consciousness? " Astafyev deeply suffers from the changes that occurred in people in society itself. It is worth only to remember how the story "Lyudochka" begins: "The heard story told passioned, who was already fifteen years ago ...". "The terrible story lay in it for fifteen years, waiting for time when the Typical became exceptional," said V. Kurbatov. The Company has changed, and Astafiev did not remain indifferent to this fact. The topic of crime and punishment in the story of "Lyudochka" is the embodiment of the author's experiences, which indicates people to their sins for which they, one way or another, are responsible.

Social crimes - murders, theft, raids on passersby, at the cottages, at home; Violence, hijacking of transport - all this is perceived by people. However, to this day, the most terrible crime will be a crime against a person. Such a crime made stringies (so the author calls the oldest gangster in the city, without giving him even a name), overlooking people. This he destroyed all her further fate.

From the very beginning, the author, describing the man, compares it with "sluggish, roadside grass." By this, he indicates the spiritual and physical weakness of the girl, initially speaking to us that she was born incapable of life. Lyudochka could not alone cope with the misfortune, deciding to suicide.

No less severe crime moral. It is indifference to artemki-soap, which Stroyl was afraid to help the girl. Indifference is a grave crime against a person. After all, it is the indifference of people around the people who are indifferent to the parents and was the cause of her suicide. The girl could not survive the cold attitude of others, did not squeeze loneliness and put his hands. But manifold itself was indifferent until the trouble touched her himself. She realized that "in trouble, in solitude, people are all the same." It is not by chance that the man recalled the stepfather, with a gravity of which she was not interested in the fate. Not in vain remembered the guy dying in the hospital, the whole pain and the drama of which they did not want to understand the living. They, alive, "not his pain, not his life, their compassion is expensive, and they want to rather end his flour, in order not to suffer." "Now she himself had to take the end to the end of the bowl of loneliness, humiliation, a cunning human sympathy ... Why was she pretended then, why?"

Lyudochka suffered punishment for lethargy and indifference, barking by his death not only her sins, but also the sins of her mother, schools, Gavrilovna, police, the youth of the town. With this he could argue, who believed that an innocent person should not pay off someone else's sins, take their burden. In modern society, perhaps only the death of a manifold destroyed the reigning indifference: she suddenly needed her mother, Gavrilovna.

Astafieva's city is a symbol of silent and cynicism. The city is indifferent to the problems of others. Here everyone himself for himself and no one to help whom to hope. The video is reflecting the indifference of people to the needs of suffering. They prefer not to see someone else's grief, to not suffer. And the manifice for them is like an invisible ghost, disembodied phantom. Everyone turned away from her, turned away from each other. People go ahead without looking back, without thinking that someone was left behind, behind his back, without protection and help. Anxious red reflects the spiritual state of passersby and indicates the entire tragity of the situation. All of them are alone, but no one goes towards another, no one gives the hands of help. People petrified the soul, became evil and worm. They are like made of coarse stone, which cannot experience compassion and pity. With this lifestyle of the soul of a person decomposes. A portrait of us, similar to the portrait of Dorian Gray, who clearly shows the painful and irrevocable decomposition of the human soul. Thus, the modern city stands up in front of our eyes as a gloomy and cold place, where there is no light of good, warmth, truth, faith.

Indifference Mother Lyudochka could not survive: After all, the house, the family for each person should be a pier of the soul, it is defense and support in life. Luda did not find this support at home. In a difficult hour, she did not find assistance and support there: "Mother is not from the severity of character, and from an older habit of being self-independent in everything I did not hurry to meet my daughter, I didn't make it easier to be relieved - let him be managed with her own share ...". She was cold with her daughter, cold by nature, as a big block of ice, which his cold can burn the hand of a touch-haired before her. This block of ice as the personification of Zealar, to the whole indifferent soul of the mother. Only after the death of his daughter, she repented, saw his share of guilt in what happened, for which she asked for forgiveness from God: "I didn't do anyone and I did not destroy her. ... Sorry." Remaining, mental pain is the moral punishment of the mother of the heroine for indifference.

Physical punishment Starkch is a cruel disguise, the stepfather of a man, who does not believe in the justice of laws and the inevitability of punishment. He peers the punishment with his own hands as well as the hero of the film S. Govorukhin "Voroshilovsky arrows." The author in the story sets the problem until he is resolved in modern society: is it possible for a fair punishment? Will everyone be equal before the law? "At the local department of the Department of Internal Affairs and lack of forces and opportunities to split artemku-soap." Will other people in the service, unlike the local chief, who did not want to "spoil the positive interest to dubious data"? Scary when only physical punishment may be the most effective.

The environmental crime of the whole society is pollution of nature. Already one description of the city park leads to horror: "Someone decided to dig a ditch and pave the pipe through it through the entire park ... I forgot to bury the pipe. The pipe was lying in a sparkled clay, hiped, steaming, boiled hot water. Over time, the pipe tightened with soap mucus, tina and the hot river flowed down, the hot river flowed, the rainbow-poisonous rings of fuel oil and different household items, ... stood stench. The park looked like after the bombing ... " The videos depicting the VEEVERZE Park vividly illustrates the catastrophic state of nature. "Over the years I was delivered and the dashed, as he wanted, all the fools: ... Curvo-breeding cherry, beds of limes," the trees that have grown next to a mall ditch bent, folding the name of the park with their silhouettes. The created landscape resembles a cemetery, where nature takes his death from the hands of a person. The destruction of nature contributes to the destruction of a person - this is the result of punishment for the crime committed.

As a result of this vital activity of a person dies the city. The death of the city is the degradation of society, his future in the face of youth. The disco in the park is a visual example showing how young the town has fallen, lost its human appearance. Astafyev compares the dance floor with the pitch, and the adolescents in it are in it - with a herd: "The bubble-boring, rolling, dusty, disturbing stench, rushing, rushed on all sides. I swear, fell a herd .... The music helped the herd in vitality and wildness, fought in convulsions, crackled, buzzed, rumbled with drums, moaning, rode ... ". The author does not see people in this mass. Describing them, he does not give them sex, since there is no difference between them for him. He repeats this technique several times: "One person, remotely similar to a woman ...", "... Booked with a circle a man is not a man, a guy is not a guy ...", "a blessing chicken Flying, fighting in a lattice" ... ". It follows the traditions, -Cedrin, using the module of tonight to show the spiritually fallen, who have gone to the level of the animal state of people. The peeling young people on the dance floor is the personification of the moral state of the city dropped to the level of animals. This is the future that people build themselves, the new generation that they grow to replace themselves. It is the fault of the entire social system that creates such "string", criminals who are creating evil and dislike.

Not only the cities are dying out spiritually, but also the villages, but along with them they go into the past traditions, folk culture. Lyuda's native village is not the only example of the disappearing village. Astafyev described the fusion, calling the "small fading village." She, as a burning candle, lives his last months. People lose faith. Faith faded even in the villages where old people lived, which would seem to be the keepers of the old faith: if they wanted to be baptized, they forgot how the shoulder began to start, the prayers did not know the prayers completely. The remaining villages get up in front of our eyes as the last frames of the old film. Astafyev shows a wild, dying village: "... Ditched in the Dioror's, with a bare-hopping path, was in the rigged windows, with a shameless benchmarks, with collapsed fences." Even an apple tree growing on ascent, "it seemed to be risen herself, got out like a beggar." Apple tree as if a living being, "Nishchenka", affected by the will of fate; A symbolic "monument to the dying Russian village", which is completely worse and became "as if a cross with a broken crossing on the graveyard." The author does not accidentally lead to such a comparison, once again emphasizing the deplorable position of the villages. Leaving his villages, people tear the connection between man and nature, forget their origins, from where their roots grow.

But, despite all the severity and sadness of the paintings created by us, the author still leaves a grain of hope for a prosperous future. The future is not yet defined, it can be changed; The second, who has not yet born the child of the mother's man and is that hope for happiness: "Lord, help at least this diet to give birth and save. The child is not in a burden, we will ... "," the mother of the man, returned to the train home after the funeral. This hope for happiness, love is able to melt the cold heart of the mother. The child, the creature is clean and sinless, illuminated her heart from the inside. Her soul is awakened, freed from the ice shalls, which took her first child. And the repentance and prayer to God helped her buy faith and find light.

Conclusion

A feature of the disclosure of the topic of crime and punishment in the story is the author's approach to the problem with a new, household, side. The crime is shown as a phenomenon of the daily on the part of the whole society towards each person, to nature. The main heroine of the man, as well as all the other heroes that caused the tragedy, embody the general state of the inhabitants of cities and villages. The crime is laid on the basis of society, which itself generates such "stringing", sewing on its right and creating lawlessness and disabre.

The disclosure of the topic of crime and punishment in the story of V. Astafieva "Lyudochka" has largely contributed to the created video. We were able to see more clearly, figuratively what the author wanted to pay our attention. The video was helped to understand all the semantic content of the work, to penetrate the feelings and experiences of the writer, look at the world by his eyes. And although most of the form are filled with the alarm and the severity of reality (however, as the story itself), they help us understand correctly and see the picture that has been creating before us, having a place in modern life, but hidden from eyes in everyday life of worries, life and illusions.

But not only sadness wanted to give us a writer. The story "Lyudochka" is his appeal to the people, a request for help and understanding. Hope for a prosperous and happy future without cruelty, loneliness, misunderstanding exists. She is in the hands of those people who are able to change this world.

Bibliography

1. In the world of literature. 10 CL: student. general education. studies. Vehicles /, and others. - Drop, 2000. - P. 312-313.

2. "Crime and punishment in Russian criticism", http: ///articles/article_3.php#ig3-10

3. Red Book of Russian Prose. V. Astafiev "Brutal Romances", Moscow, 2002. - P. 426-466.

4. http: // www. / Culture / Article3092336 /

5. http: // RU. Wikipedia. ORG / WIKI /% D0% 90% D0% BD% D0% B4% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B9_% D0% 92% D0% BE% D0% B7% D

6. "Crime and Punishment." Library of classics, Moscow, 1978.

7. "Master and Margarita." Favorites - Moscow, 1991.

8. O. Wilde "Portrait of Dorian Gray". Education, Moscow1992. - P. 5-179.

9. R. Bradbury "Punishment without a crime." Publishing house "Children's literature", Novosibirsk, 1993. - P. 81-91.

The History of Manochka is the verdict of Brezhnevsky Stast, the time when everyone has already become apparent to the global and inevitable problems of Soviet reality, but the authorities stubbornly did not seek to correct them and only foloded the people with regular slogans. At the same time, Astafyev affected the global trends: the environmental crisis, the urban mentality, the marginalization of society, and so on.

V. P. Astafiev wrote a story "Lyudochka" in 1987, but the idea of \u200b\u200bthe work originated for another fifteen years earlier. The author, as if child, hatched it and thought about how it was better to present the whole "bad truth" about the weight of time for ordinary people from the village, who were trying to move with all their mights with all their moods (but not in vain said Rousseau that "Civilization is evil" ) And change reality, find your place under the sun, live more or less worthy.

This work of Astafyev wrote on the basis of the story that once heard. The name of the heroine is conditional, the author no longer remembered the present, but this is not so important. The writer wanted to summarize this story, because this is the fate of the majority of the "man" of that time.

main idea

This story about the defenseless people of our country, about injustice, about hopelessness, about the moral impoverishment of the human soul. "Focal truth" is the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe story "Lyudochka". The heroine, precisely moths on the flame, sought to leave the provincial "nest" and the first traveler "fly" to urban happiness. But she did not know that this urban flame would burn her soul and body. The expected collision of the world of the ideal, illusory, with the world real, full of evil, hatred and injustice will occur.

The author wanted to draw the attention of the reader to the universal indifference of urban residents who pass by someone else's trouble, because there are so many things, and there are so few times. If in the village everyone knows each other, and the grief becomes common, then the big anthill will not notice the loss of the fighter. It will continue in the same pace. So she kills the readiness for empathy in man, without which the soul itself is unthinkable.

Topic

Astafiev sees the root of evil in the device of urban life. He shows her poverty, her egoistic motifs. People of the city are hard and cynical, take, for example, the hostess that gives people housing. She is a grated Kalach, her essence hardened in the sorrows and the fraction would not knock, so she indifferently hesitates the genuine grief of the risked girl and lets the vulgar comments. It is not able to understand the moral purity of the heroine and the depths of her suffering. Therefore, the main topic of the story "Lyudochka" is the integral influence of the city per person, the urban decomposition of the soul, which is replaced only by the material needs of the body.

Just the topic of poverty in the Soviet village. People run from there not because of the vanity, they just have nothing to live on. Kolkholza fall apart, idle men like father's father are drunk, and women are tearing, but pull the burden of loose days. The problems of the village power do not worry: against the background of universal impoverishment weigh the volatile slogans about the beautiful tomorrow. Rustic residents turned out to be thrown overboard, like a man: no one was doing to anyone.

Problems

• Many questions from the modern reader causes a criminal situation in the city. No one controls street gangs, even the police bypass the ill-fated park. No one is engaged in the development and education of young people, therefore, Zacki like Strecias come to the place of enlighteners and teachers of life - the marginal layer of society, which is impossible to react. The problem of crime and marginalization of youth is central in the work. The author sees a gloomy premonition of the collapse of the system of power, which cannot cope with criminal gangs and produces leaders to the will without any control and observation.
• People remain one on one with a crime, so the self-seeming self-hoping, without hoping on justice. It means that there is a problem of cruelty, permeating all society from Mala to Velik. We will have to paint your arms and risks their own freedom to be treated and risking his own freedom. He does not believe in prisons and their correctional effect, because he sees that there is evil only systematized and extends already organized crime with relevant knowledge, skills and connections. What remains a person in such a situation? To become as ruthless and cruel.
• The country's wilment is accompanied by a crisis of nature. The problem of ecology becomes threatening along scale. Smear, thoring the rotational park becomes the place of rotting the soul. Savoric and clogged waters make maliciousness, as if confirming the universal decomposition. They absorb the dead criminal: dirt connects with mud. The river carries the next human waste. In the city with such an environmental situation, people cannot be healthy either morally nor physically. The problem of nature becomes burden and blame of mankind, it was in the 20th century that it realized her.
• The girl did not receive any support from loved ones. Some did not understand her grief, others indifferently responded to him. Alas, the unfortunate heroine did not find another exit, because "no one is before it." The problem of indifference to their native people to each other leads them to unconscious mercilessness. They contributed to the despair of human people, they pushed her to suicide.
• Also did not regret the heroine her acquaintances, perhaps the influence of the criminal. Artem, though she commanded at first not to touch the moral girl, but before the weighty word "Pakhana" could not stand and joined the collective violence. The problem of mercy acquires an unthinkable scale: a group of adult guys could not be aspired by one zack and protect the girl. They, as a herd, submissively attacked her. This is the extreme degree of moral fall, after which they all healed the usual life - that's what terrifying the most.
• The problems in the story "Lyudochka" are raised not only social, but also philosophical. Most of all outraged Astafieva not so much events of this story, how much the reaction of the surrounding people, the authorities for injustice. Human life does not represent any value for the world, everyone around is impregnated with indifference to "neighbor." The problem of the loneliness of a person in conditions of complete defenselessness has gained special relevance in the work. The girl died, they were actually killed, and not even notes about it, so as not to spoil the statistics to the head of the regional administration of the Department of Internal Affairs, he was only 2 years before retirement ...

Image of man

The main character stands in one row with Akakiya Akakiyevich ("Sinel" N. V. Gogol) and Samson Vyrin ("Stationander" A. S. Pushkin) in the gallery of "small" people. She was born in a tiny fuzzy village of fusion. Parents are collective farmers. Father from work and drunkenness was "Hilogroud, punched, fussy, stupid", and after some time it disappeared without a trace. At the same time, the mother of the manochki tried to find his "keys from female happiness", changing men as gloves. The girl is therefore grew up as "the sluggish roadside grass, weak, painful, fusive. Did not come out of the triochnitsa. " As soon as she passed 16, the heroine decided to go to town to try to find himself. Upon arrival, she was sheltered by the local hairdresser Gavrilovna, who herself barely drives ends with the ends (at one time she struck the jailers and lichen to make money on the apartment).

The hillside from the manochka did not come out, the training of Pakmahmah art was tight, could not pass the exam on the masters, had to remain a cleaner at the cabin. In the house of Gavrilovna, the girl turned into Cinderella: Soap, washed, and in the evenings, ointment with a vitrous smell, sick legs of the old woman "with black grain centers" rubbed. Every day, Lyudochka went past the VEEVEVEZE Park, where dirt, fuel oil and ditch, in which they threw puppies, dead piglets, and you can also notice a red circle from the hospital or flocking condoms "and everywhere slogans for contrast

"Lenin's case - Stalin lives and wins! The party is the mind, honor, conscience of the era. "

The culmination of tragidity in the life of the manochka came with the advent of Streaming, vicious from childhood a gangster, which was just out of prison, all in the knockers and gold chains. At the moment when he screamed on the street: "Babo wants," the man, unfortunately, went past. As a result, everything ended with group rape. In a semis-resistant state, the girl was added to the threshold of Gavrylovna, but, instead of support words heard:

Watching the driver with a line with a born, Smear with the soul is bitter ... Baby must be careful, the rest does not know with her ... well, they broke the seal, Eka. Now marry what fell hurt.

Houses of support for the man either did not find it, the mother is pregnant, is going to move with stepfather, she has his own life. I had to go back to the city. Complain to the authorities, the girl could not, threatened. Now she went to the park only with a razor in his pocket, dreaming to meet his default and cut down his dignity under the root.

What I gave rise to, the one and kill you, "Hohma remembered from someone's school essays.

With such a cargo on the soul and loneliness in the heart I could not live a martyr's martyr, hanged himself on a bitch, saying:

God merciful! Mum! Gavrilovna! All sorry. If you are Lord, I'm sorry, I still lost the icon Komsomolsky. No one is before me ...

Who is to blame for the death of a man?

There is no specific answer. The problems of the work is so global, which affects not only the evil and the cruelty of the marginals from the outskirts, but also the crisis of universal values. The girl became a victim of the moral fall of the whole society as a whole, his spiritual impoverishment, which was covered by the city by the noise and gamas of the eternally cycular anthill.

Her silent victim should not remain in the shadows, according to the writer. The horror of her position should be conscious of people to be more attentive to close and kinder to others. Perhaps it is the usual, domestic evil formed stringly, hard morals and ignorance subjugated Artem, and the endless rim of difficulties broke out Gavrilovna and the mother of Luda. They, in turn, were killed by the heroine. So this relay will not interrupt until we all start watching your actions as strictly and uncompromisingly, as the heroes of Astafieva.

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The work refers to the philosophical lyrical prose of the writer and as the main topic considers the issue of falling the morality and degradation of the individual, describing the cruel valid reality.

The central character of the story is a sixteen-year-old girl named man, represented by a writer in the image of a young, simple Russian woman who does not differ in appearance from ordinary people, but characterized by the author as a decent, kind, merciful person, experiencing sincere respect for others.

The storyline of the story tells about the complex fate of a rustic girl, which is in a difficult life situation, which ends with the tragic finals in the form of suicide human.

After the end of the nine classes, the manifice leaves the village and moves to the city in the hope of a worthy device of his own life. In the native village, the girl remains a mother with stepfather, the life with whom does not bring happiness with a man, because close to the girl differ in indifferent attitude to the girl fully absorbed by the solution of their own problems.

Urban life does not meet a girl who is forced to shoot an angle in the house of the local hairdresser Gavrilovna, studying all household affairs, as well as removing the room with a hairdresser for a meager salary. In one of the evenings, the manochka is attacked by a group of young people led by the recently liberated Criminal Priescuch, which forced her to commit violent actions. Physically, a morally crushed girl is trying to find support from the Gavrilovna apartment, and then their own mother, but close people are indifferent to the mental state of a man, who, who fails to experience the incident, decides to commit suicide.

The ideological content of the story is emphasized by the writer by means of artistic expressiveness used in the form of numerous aphorisms, stable revolutions, a zaga lexicon transmitting the expressive, emotional nature of the work. In addition, through a plastic, capacious artistic expressive language, filled with simple personification, complex metaphors and epithets, the writer gives the story colorful, unique, saturated melodic sound. Also, the author applies a contrast literary reception depicting the spiritual relationship of nature with a person, showing the existence of a light start in human life.

The sense load of the work allows you to demonstrate the author's plan, which consists in the image of the short, the tragic life of the girl who has become an effortless, sulfur, monotonous, distinguished indifferent indifference to others, as well as the lack of caress, tenderness and care. Thus, the writer draws the attention of the reading audience to the degradation of modern society, mired in immoral vices, animal instincts, depraved laws.

Analysis 2.

From the very name of the story, we can conclude about the nature of the main character. This is a young fragile girl, naive, complete hopes and dreams.

Indeed, the manger rose in the village in the most ordinary family. Parents worked all their life in collective farm. Over time, the old system began to collapse, it became harder to live. Left without work, the father of the heroine found a consolation in alcohol, even more complicating her life. Little Luda dreamed of moving from the attic village to the city. He seemed to her place of prospects, unlimited opportunities and freedom.

Unfortunately, the young and naive heroine will have to face a reality that destroys dreams. In the city, everything seems not bad. The girl immediately finds work and housing. Only here the hostess dumps all the work on her, and the profession is not given in any way. Soon the harsh realities of life in the city are shown even more.

At Astafieva, the city is the stone jungle, where one is stronger, that and everyone for himself. Credit powers have splines and hooligans inspired by former prisoners. They are going to the park, personifying all the most unsightly sides of life. Police prefers to bypass this place. Partly of fear of the power existing in criminals. On the other hand, representatives of the rule of law is even convenient. Closing the eyes to real crimes, the police demonstrate excellent performance indicators.

In such behavior, the whole essence of the life of the Soviet society of those times. This is a shown idealism on the ruins of human lives. In the rotting abandoned park hangs beautiful posters with slogans about the happy future. At the same time, human hearts felt and lost the ability to sympathize.

The fact of abuse on the heroine does not plunge none in shock. On the contrary, surrounding believe that every woman should pass through it. Having found a response among the relatives, the manochka is trying to find an answer in himself. It comes to the conclusion that herself is a worn and unable to sympathy.

In order to break this vicious circle, it brings himself to sacrifice, trying to redeem the guilt of mankind of his own life. And her act does not pass without a trace. It would seem indifferent to her stepfather becomes a person who revenge for her. However, it is possible to achieve justice in such a world only by accepting the rules of the game, to overcome the evil.

Several interesting writings

I. Grabar, a talented Russian landscape artist depicted a winter landscape in his canvas, striking imagination.

• Writing on the picture of Rakshi Wires of the militia Grade 8 (description)

  One of the parts of Triptych "Field Kulikovo" Yuri Rakshi - the "Wires of Militia" canvas, dedicated to the events that the Kulikovsky battle

V.P. Astafyev is one of those writers whose works are disturbing the heart, forced to think about why our reality is so unattage, why nature is destroyed, the villages disappear, the morality of society falls.

These "why" arise and while reading the story of "Lyudochka", written in the late eighties of the last century.

In the center of the story, the fate of the "small" person is the history of the life and death of the girl, who, after the end of the rural school, went to the city in search of happiness. She did not like the new life, but she did not decide to return to the village - she did not want to interfere with the mother, finally, who found his happiness. And in the city there was a misfortune: the urban swarp over it was abused and began to pursue.

Without finding either in a commercial, the girl committed suicide.

An ordinary girl. In school, she did not stand out - a diligent trieley, a calm, silent, rarely smiling, at home also did not give trouble.

He lived with the father of an alcoholic and mother in an abandoned village, where the life of "junior". Father imperceptibly disappeared from her life, stepfather appeared. But in the family she was lonely: stepfather did not hurt, but did not pay attention to her, and the mother thought that her daughter had to arrange their lives.

In the city lived unsymako. Gavrilovna, who has lived and learned to hairdressership, shifted all the hard work for her. But the manochka was not offended and did not complain about anything. Her diligence, kindness were endless, someone else's pain felt like her. She massaged Gavrilovna her sick legs, regretted the unfortunate, dying to the unaware of the guy's doctors, was taken for any job. When the trouble happened to her, she rushed for help to the closest people, but neither mother nor Gavrilovna supported her morally, did not regret it, because "Russian woman is obliged to endure everything." She has no defender from stringy and the like. A girl is dying with the thought "... no one is before me."

You read by a whisper uttered, the farewell words of the human, terrify the inevitability of her death and everything in the soul protests: "So it should not be. A person should not be one for one with his misfortune. "

It is terrible to live in a society, where they rule the stringy, where the indifference and egoism reign, where the kindness, attention to a person has become so rare? Why have we become indifferent to someone else's trouble? The reason for the mental cloak of Astafyev sees in the destruction of the village, in the barbaric attitude towards nature.

Family manifest people live in fancy, where most houses are clipped, gardens thickets, trees wing. The monument of the dying village is the old apple tree, similar to a cross with a broken crossing. And in the city even worse. People fucked up the ground: through the park has flowed hot, with fuel oil rings and domestic garbage water. The city gathered all the disgusting, vague, he is badless, Anti-Nesthetic, here a person should not live, but lives, that's just this life is not just a wretched - she urges. Indeed, in the district center a lot of broken lives of people who have fallen and have no future. Stream, artemka - soap and the surrounding of their Swamp lost all human qualities. Astafiev to them is merciless. Limited, cruel, arrogant, they keep the whole area in fear. Only one person - stepfather of the man, who passed the camps, who knows this breed of people, was not frightened, avenged for the valid honor of the girl. And the head of the police, even in a summary of incidents did not indicate the girl's death - did not want to spoil the indicators before retirement.

The problem of solitude

The problem of indifference, loss of faith in people

Lyudochka in the story of V. Astafieva came across everywhere with an indifference, and the most terrible person to her is a construction of people close to her. But the apostasy manifested earlier. At some point, the girl threw out that herself was involved in this tragedy, because she also showed indifference, as long as the trouble would have touched her personally. It is not by chance that the man recalled the stepfather, with a grave of which she was not interested before; It was not for nothing that I remembered the guy dying in the hospital, all the pain and the drama of which did not want to understand the living.

The problem of crime and punishment

The problem of the crime and punishment in the "Lyudochka" story V. Astafieva - the embodiment of the author's experiences, which indicates people to their sins for which they, one way or another, are responsible.

Social crimes here are perceived everyday. However, to this day, violence against man is the most terrible crime. He was accomplished stringly, overhanging her man. The girl suffered a punishment for lethargy and indifference, fade by his death not only his sins, but also the sins of her mother, schools, Gavrilovna, police, the youth of the town. But her death destroyed the reigning indifference: she suddenly became needed by Mother, Gavrilovna ... For her, he was avenged with stepfather.

4. Problem mercy

Probably, none of us could remain indifferent to the fate of the manochki in the same name of V. Astafyev. Any human heart shudders from compassion, but the world that shows a writer, cruel. The offended, humiliated girl does not find an understanding. It does not notice the suffering of the girl and Gavrilovna, who has already been accustomed to insults and have not seen anything special in them. Mother, the closest and native person, also does not feel pain of the daughter ... The writer calls us to compassion, mercy, because even the name of the girl means "people are sweet", but how hard the world is cruel towards her! Astafyev teaches us: you need to say a kind word in time, stop evil on time, you do not lose yourself on time.

5. Troubles fathers and children, misunderstandings of loved ones in a difficult situation

Some kind of disharmony feels in the relationship between mother and daughter in the story of V. Istafieva "Lyudochka", the fact that everyone is familiar to everyone is: a child must love. And the heroine does not feel maternal love, so even in the most terrible thing for the girl, trouble is not recognized as a close person: it is not understood in the family, it is someone else's home for her. Mother and daughter shares the moral abyss of the alienation.

Environmental Pollution Problem

We are accustomed to the fact that the park is a place where a person can relax, breathe fresh air, relax. But in the story of V. Istafieva "Lyudochka" everything else. The terrible spectacle appears in front of us: along the ditch, wiring into the weed thickets, stand benches, from the dirty ditch and foam sticks the bottles of different forms, and always here, in the park, stench, because the ditch is thrown puppies, kittens, dead pigs. And people behave here in the animal. This "landscape" resembles a cemetery, where nature takes the death of a person. The man, according to V. Astafieva, is impossible to exist without it. So the moral foundations are destroyed - this is the result of punishment for the committed crime against nature.

7. Children's impressions and their influence on a further human life

Lyudochedoma in the same name in the story of V. Astafyev, because there is no warmth, understanding and confidence in the relationship of the mother and daughter. And human even in adult life remained shy, fearing and closed. Gray childhood as it were imprinted on her further short life.

The problem of alcoholism

Gorky, hurts to read how drunk young people behave at a disco in the story of V. Astafyeva "Lyudochka". The author writes that they are facing the "herd". The girl's father was also a fallen drunkard, fussy and stupid. The mother was even afraid that the child could be born to the patient, and therefore he won it into a rare from his husband boys. And yet the girl was hurt by the unhealthy flesh of his father and was born weak. We see how people are degraded under the influence of alcohol.

The problem of upbringing.

Grew like a man, like a roadside grass. The girl in character is timid, shy, she communicated a little with classmates. Mother did not show his love for her daughter, in the soul of his daughter, as they say, did not knock, the advice did not give, did not warned from life adversity and, in general, not practically engaged in education, so there was no warmth and related spiritual proximity between them.

On the absence of love

The story of V. Istafieva "Lyudochka" shocks the reader with rigidity, indifference to its heroes and lack of heat, good, confidence in relations between people. But, perhaps, the lack of love is most stunning the readers, without which neither harmony or the future is impossible. Children born not by love is a doomed generation or cynics, or weak, inventory people.

Arguments based on the story of V. Astafieva "Lyudochka"

The problem of solitude

Lyudochka in the story of V. Astafyeva is trying to escape from loneliness. But the first lines of the work, where the heroine is compared with the sluggish, frnit grass, suggest that she, like this grass, is not capable of life. The girl leaves the parental house, where people who are also alone, who are also alone. Mother has long been accustomed to the device of his life and does not want to delve into the problems of his daughter, and the elders did not treat her by stepfather. The girl is alien and in his hometown, and among people. Everyone turned away from her, even her own mother as stranger.