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Presentation on the topic: CHILDREN'S MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

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CLAVES CLAVES - Cuban folk percussion instrument, two ebony sticks of different thicknesses. According to legend, these sticks symbolize a Man and a Woman. When playing with sticks, they hit each other, while the fingers of the left hand, holding the stick that they hit, fold in a special way to create a kind of resonator. A wide variety of rhythmic patterns can be played on the clave.

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A WOODEN BOX or WOOD BLOCK is one of the most common percussion musical instruments with an indefinite pitch. The sound of the instrument is a characteristic clattering sound. It is a rectangular bar of sonorous, well-dried wood. On the one hand, closer to the top of the bar, a deep slot about 1 cm wide is hollowed out. The instrument is played with wooden or plastic sticks. Depending on the size of the box, the sound can be higher or lower, which is why composers often use several wood blocks that sound different. The prototype of a modern orchestral instrument is common among the peoples Far East, Africa and South America.

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cymbals cymbals - a percussion musical instrument with an indefinite pitch. Plates have been known since ancient times, meeting in China, India, later in Greece and Turkey. They are a convex-shaped disk made of special alloys by casting and subsequent forging. There is a hole in the center of the cymbal for attaching the instrument to a special stand or for attaching a strap. Among the main techniques of the game: hitting with various sticks and mallets, hitting cymbals against each other, playing with a bow.

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TRIANGLE A TRIANGLE is a percussion musical instrument in the form of a metal rod (usually made of steel or aluminum) bent in the shape of a triangle. One of the corners is left open (the ends of the rod almost touch). The triangle belongs to instruments with an indefinite pitch, has a brilliant and bright timbre. As a rule, simple rhythmic figures and tremolo are entrusted to him. The triangle is hung from one of the corners on a thin wire or braid, which is held in the hand or attached to the music stand. The triangle is struck with a metal (rarely wooden) stick. Since the end of the 18th century, the triangle has been one of the main percussion instruments of the symphony orchestra. In the compositions of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven, it was used to imitate the so-called "janissary music". One of the first compositions in which the triangle was entrusted with a fairly responsible independent part is Liszt's Piano Concerto No. 1.

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WOODEN SPOONS are used in Slavic tradition like a musical instrument. The game set is from 3 to 5 spoons, sometimes of different sizes. The sound is produced by hitting the back sides of the scoops against each other. The timbre of the sound depends on the method of sound production. Usually one performer uses three spoons, two of which are placed between the fingers of the left hand, and the third is taken in the right. The blows are made with the third spoon for two in the left hand. Usually, for convenience, strikes are made on the arm or knee. Sometimes bells are hung from spoons.

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tambourine tambourine is a percussion musical instrument of indefinite pitch, consisting of a leather membrane stretched over a wooden rim. Some varieties of tambourines have metal bells suspended from them, which begin to ring when the performer strikes the membrane of the tambourine, rubs it, or shakes the entire instrument.

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RATCHETS RATCHET - folk musical instrument, idiophone, replacing handclaps. Rattles consist of a set of 18 - 20 thin boards (usually oak) 16 - 18 cm long. They are interconnected by a dense rope threaded through the holes in the upper part of the boards. To separate the boards between them, small wooden plates about 2 cm wide are inserted at the top. There is another ratchet design - a rectangular box with a wooden gear placed inside, attached to a small handle. A cut is made in one of the walls of this box, in the hole of which a thin elastic wooden or metal plate is fixed. The ratchet holds the rope with both hands, sharp or smooth movements allow you to make various sounds. At the same time, the hands are at the level of the chest, head, and sometimes rise to attract attention with their appearance.

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BELLS BELLS - a percussion musical instrument with a certain pitch. The instrument has a light-ringing timbre in the piano, brilliant and bright - in the forte. Bells exist in two varieties: simple and keyboard. Simple bells are a set of metal plates tuned to chromatism, placed in two rows on a trapezoidal wooden frame. The arrangement of the records on them is similar to the arrangement of white and black piano keys. The applicable range of bells is from the third octave to the fifth octave, on some instruments it is wider. Ordinary bells are played with two small metal hammers or wooden sticks. In keyboard bells, the records are enclosed in a case like a small piano, where there is a simple mechanism of hammers that transmits blows from the keys to the records (this mechanism is similar to the celesta mechanism). Keyboard bells are technically more mobile than simple ones, but lose to them in the purity of timbre.

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KUGIKLY KUGIKLY - a wind musical instrument, a Russian variety of a multi-barreled flute, known to science under the name "Pan's flute". This tool is common in different parts, each nation has its own names for it. The Russians were the first to pay attention to the flute of Pan Gasri, who gave a very inaccurate description of it under the name of a pipe or a flute. Dmitryukov wrote about kugikles in the Moscow Telegraph magazine in 1831. Throughout the 19th century in the literature from time to time there is evidence of the game on coogicles, especially in the territory Kursk province. Kugicles are a set of hollow tubes of various lengths and diameters with an open upper end and a closed lower one. This tool was usually made from stalks of kugi (reed), reed, bamboo, etc., the trunk knot served as the bottom. A set of cugicles usually consists of 3-5 tubes of the same diameter but different lengths. The tubes of the instrument are not fastened together, which allows them to be changed depending on the required tuning. The upper, open ends of the tool are on the same line. Bringing them to the mouth and moving them (or the head) from side to side, they blow on the edges of the slices, extracting, as a rule, short, jerky sounds.

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DRUM DRUM - percussion musical instrument, membranophone. Common in most peoples. It consists of a hollow cylindrical wooden (or metal) resonator body or frame, on which membranes are stretched on one or both sides. The relative pitch can be adjusted by tensioning the membranes. The sound is produced by striking the membrane with a wooden mallet with a soft tip, a stick, hands, and sometimes by friction. Drums are known to exist in ancient Sumer around 3000 BC. During excavations in Mesopotamia, some of the oldest percussion instruments were found, made in the form of small cylinders, the origin of which dates back to the third millennium BC. Since ancient times, the drum has been used as a signal instrument, as well as to accompany ritual dances, military processions, and religious ceremonies. Drums came to modern Europe from the Middle East. The prototype of the small (military) drum was borrowed from the Arabs in Spain and Palestine. The long history of the development of the instrument is also evidenced by the wide variety of its types today. Known for drums various forms and sizes.

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SVIRELI SVIREL - Russian double-barreled wind instrument; a kind of double-barreled longitudinal flute. One of the trunks usually has a length of 300-350 mm, the second - 450-470 mm. At the top end of the barrel there is a whistle device, at the bottom there are 3 side holes for changing the pitch of sounds. The barrels are tuned to each other in a quart and generally give a diatonic scale in the volume of a seventh. In everyday language, a flute is often called wind instruments such as single-barreled or double-barreled flutes.

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DUDKI DUDKA - Russian folk musical wind instrument, consisting of an elder reed or reed and having several side holes, and a mouthpiece for blowing. There are double pipes: two folded pipes are blown through one common mouthpiece. Archaeological excavations show that bone pipes were played long before our era. In ethnographic materials of the 18th and 19th centuries. wooden and reed pipes are mentioned. A wooden pipe can be cut from a branch or made on a lathe. A whistle is cut out at the end or a pity is inserted. Holes are burned or drilled in the pipe. At a reed pipe or a pity, the tongue is cut right on it. The sound is peculiar, sharp.

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WHISTLES A whistle is a children's toy whistle. Whistles originate deeply from antiquity and meet us again in modern times. They found expression in the genre Dymkovo toys- craftsmen sculpted them in the form of birds, goats and lambs and gave them to children for the holidays or sold them at large fairs. A hole was made in the toys (usually in the tail) where it was necessary to blow, and then a soft, but at the same time slightly sharp sound was obtained.

child - technologies that ensure the mental and social health of a preschool child. These include: technologies of psychological or psychological and pedagogical support for the development of the child in the pedagogical process of the preschool educational institution. The main task of these technologies is to provide emotional comfort and positive psychological well-being of the child in the process of communicating with peers and adults in kindergarten and family. Types of health-saving technologies in preschool education By the nature of the activity, there are: private (highly specialized) health-saving technologies and complex (integrated). In terms of activity, among private health-saving technologies, there are: medical (technologies for disease prevention, correction and rehabilitation of somatic health, sanitary and hygienic activities), educational (information-training and educational), social (technologies for a healthy and safe lifestyle, prevention and correction of deviant behavior ) psychological (technologies for the prevention and psycho-correction of psychological deviations of a personal and intellectual nature). Complex health-saving technologies include: technology of complex prevention of diseases, correction and rehabilitation of health (sports and health and valeological); pedagogical technologies promoting health; technologies that shape healthy lifestyle life.

Pochinskaya Evgeniya
Presentation for a lesson on the development of speech on the topic "Working tools"

This presentation is designed to be used with older children. preschool age and can be used both by a speech therapist and educators of speech therapy and general developmental groups.

Equipment: presentation; tool coloring pages (small format).

Target: development of coherent monologue speech.

Tasks:

1. Activate and enrich the subject dictionary on the topic "Working tools".

2. Exercise children in the formation of nouns with diminutive suffixes.

3. Continue to teach children to write descriptive stories about objects.

Lesson progress

1. Organizational moment

Children take their places, the speech therapist starts the presentation (slides No. 1-18).

2. Main body

The teacher invites the children to play the game "Giant and Dwarf" (slides No. 19 - 24)

(formation of nouns with diminutive suffixes).

Then the teacher informs the children that the dwarf and the giant have prepared gifts for them, but in order to receive them, you need to describe this tool

3. The result of the lesson (slide No. 27).

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Slides captions:

Musical instruments in kindergarten

Musical Instruments Musical instruments are objects with the help of which various musical sounds are extracted for the performance of a piece of music. Musical instruments are:

Keyboard musical instruments Synthesizer Piano Accordion Grand piano Keyboard musical instruments are instruments in which the sound is extracted using a system of levers and is controlled using keys arranged in a certain order and making up the keyboard of the instrument.

Wind musical instruments Horn Trumpet Saxophone Flute Wind musical instruments - musical instruments, which are wooden, metal and other tubes of various devices and shapes, emitting musical sounds as a result of vibrations of the air column enclosed in them.

Stringed musical instruments Harp Guitar Balalaika Violin A stringed musical instrument is a musical instrument in which the vibrations of the strings are the source of sound.

Percussion musical instruments Metallophone Tambourine Drum Xylophone Percussion musical instruments - a group of musical instruments, the sound of which is extracted by striking or shaking, swinging [hammers, mallets, sticks, etc.] over the sounding body (membrane, metal, wood, etc.)

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PERFORMED: musical hands. Molostvolova N. V

Kindergarten No. 2 "Rainbow" in Ozinki, Saratov region.

In mischievous three strings Everyone in Russia is in love.

(Balalaika)

He was born from the accordion, He became friends with the piano. He looks like a banana. What will you call him?

(Accordion)

We release the hammers, On the iron leaves And a cheerful ringing flies. What is ringing?

(Glockenspiel)

At dinner they eat soup, By the evening "will speak" wooden girls, Musical sisters. Play and you get back a little On the beautiful bright. spoons)

Grandfather Egor is not yet old, He made a gift to his grandson, And now Vanyutka has been blowing on us all day.

(Dudka)

Now it rumbles like thunder, then it suddenly flows like a stream.

(Tambourine)

They look like rattles, but they're not toys!

(Maracas)

When everyone is playing tools together, then it turns out .... O R K E S T R

All the guys did their best - guessed all the riddles!

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