Make a block flowing filter for drinking water. What are the apartment filters for water purification

This filter must be installed under the sink, connecting to the water supply system directly. The installation process is simple, in the kit there is a detailed instruction.

The main advantage is ultrafiltration. The entire filter consists of five elements, getting into each of which, water is cleaned from all harmful substances and bacteria, softens, loses bad smell and unpleasant taste.

Water liter Geyser Nanotek reproduces in 7 minutes. Suitable only for cold water. The maximum service life of one cartridge is a year.

Pros:

• Takes up little space.
• Purification of water in five stages.
• Convenient and easy connection.
• Made of safe materials.
• Improves the taste of water.
• Included there is an additional cartridge.

Minuses:

• A little expensive.
• Low performance.

1 ATOLL A-550 STD

Clear water is needed to all living beings on the planet to maintain health and normal life. The norms and sanitary requirements do not always respond to the liquid that flows from the cranes or is produced from the well. It may have many harmful impurities, heavy metals, which negatively affect the body and cause dangerous diseases.

It is necessary to clean this water, which is helped by a variety of filtering systems. They capture chemicals, dirt particles, dangerous compounds, and also eliminate the unpleasant odor. There are such devices not only by manufacturers, but also by the degree of purification, the place of installation, the basic principles of work.

To be healthy and feel great, you need to drink 1.5 liters of clean, non-carbonated water per day, and also familiarize yourself with some secrets of proper nutrition in the article.

Pre-filtration devices

Different techniques can be cleaned with water from any water intakes. Most often, cleansing occurs with:

According to the pipes of the water supply, the living fluid from the water intake comes into production and apartments. Usually they are repaired and cleaned extremely rare, so small sand, rust and dirt can be stood in them. In these cases, the filtering system is necessary. Such devices are different types: magnetic, fine, medium and deep cleaning, as well as coal.

Devices fine cleaning

This type of filtering devices that can be:

1. multifunctional;
2. one-function.

The latter remove harmful trace elements, salts, chlorine, heavy metals. The first produce some set of actions. It is very important to replace filter cartridges on time so that the system can perform its functions.

Select filtration systems of fine cleaning:

• sorption is a plastic reservoir that contains activated coal;
• with reverse osmosis - have several cleaning steps;
• ion exchange - containers filled with all resins ions, they soften the water and remove harmful chemical compounds;
• minerals are special cylinders with petty mineral crumb, it removes salt and chemical compounds;
• tissue is cylindrical tanks, rewinding with harness or ropes, they eliminate metal oxide, harmful salts and chemical compounds.

The purity of water also affects the humidity and temperature conditions. ambient, degree of its pollution of harmful waste of chemical enterprises.

With reverse osmosis

These are multistage filters that show the most disinfecting effect. They eliminate up to 95-98% dirt. Among the advantages of filters of this type, you can allocate a long operational period and a high degree of cleansing properties, although such devices are an order of magnitude more expensive than others.

At the initial stage, the water is purified by a mechanical way from clay particles and grains. Then water enters the containers where coal is located. At this stage, small particles are filtered and unpleasant "flavors" are eliminated. At the end, the liquid enters the osmotic membranes, cleansing moisture already at the molecular level. The remnants of polluted water and impurities merge into the sewer.

Coal filtration systems

These are the containers in which the activated, wood or stone coal is located. It can also be mined from coconut shell. These filtration instruments eliminate the smelly smell, chlorine impurities, oil-containing accumulations, remove bacterial flora, pesticides, and turbid, which are polluted by many water intakes.

Coal devices are inexpensive, well purified water and long time is used. Apply coal models in apartment buildings, in summer cottages, private grounds, industrial production.

Filters with rough cleaning

Such aggregates are minimally cleaned water, remove large dirt and sand particles, it can be rusty pieces of pipes, precipitation from water bodies. Filters of this species put near the distributor at the construction stage, although it is quite easy to install them in the house. Mesh cleaners have a grid with fine holes. They are also divided into rapid and self-crumpled.

Mud particles as water pollution in automatic mode are displayed in a special drainage tube. The rapid cleansing manually.

There are still pressure devices with high cleaning. These are metal containers with anti-corrosion spraying. They are filled with filtering materials. Such adaptations put only in warm rooms.

Particles in size up to 0.5 mm are removed using cartridges or cartridges installed in coarse cartridge filters.

Filters-jugs

These are the simplest, comfortable and inexpensive devices that there are practically in every home today. They look like simple jugs with interchangeable cartridges. Usually there is enough for a month. Such a system conducts biological, chemical and mechanical cleaning. Water enters a replaceable cartridge.

Inside it is filtering substances:

1. shungitis well displays chlorine and its compounds;
2. antibacterial additives (silver ions to eliminate pathogenic microflora in the cartridge itself and putrefactive processes);
3. zeolite is a common component that gets rid of harmful organic compounds and ammonia;
4. the ion exchange resin not only softens the rigid water, but also disinfects;
5. activated coal is the most common ingredient of cartridges having high adsorption properties.

Water purifiers in the form of jugs Mobile and compact, cost inexpensively, but cannot cope with highly polluted water. They are not suitable for industry, but only for home use, where large volumes of water and filtering speed are not needed.

How to choose the best water filtration unit

Before buying a filtering device, it is necessary to pay attention to important factors:

• installation location (built into a plumbing line or in washing);
• manufacturer and cost of the unit;
• degree of cleaning (single-stage, multistage, finest or deep cleaning);
• type of device (desktop or jugs);
• places of use (cottage, residential apartment, private sector).

There are many stores that sell different types of filtration devices. They will more accurately advise on filters, they recommend a certain high-quality brand, a brand, they will describe the advantages to choose the highest quality filter.

Flowing filtration systems

Install in apartments for complex water purification, used for drinking and cooking. Flowing filters are installed in a plumbing line. This is necessary for multi-stage cleaning. Cleaning is carried out at high speed. Living liquid is enriched with useful minerals.

For the device, it is necessary to periodically change special filters. Independently embedded the system in the plumbing will not work, the help of plumbers is needed.

Some filtration devices are installed under the washing sink. Such stationary filters are connected to the water supply and output an individual crane. From harmful substances and impurities, water is cleared by passing through a series of cartridges. Water is filtered quickly and efficiently.

Desktop devices put next to the crane. They are simple and easy to use. The liquid quickly passes through the cleaning system. You can save space if you install a wall filter using durable mounts.

Industrial filters

Many enterprises of the modern industrial industry require powerful filtration systems. Water from water intakes may contain many chemical compounds, impurities, sometimes it has a very unpleasant "aroma".

It can not be used in the food industry and it is necessary to clean it pre-prey. Among industrial filters are isolated ionic, bulk, membrane, mechanical.

Filters for the country area and watering

For the plots away from the city it is important to choose filtering systems that can eliminate hydrogen sulfide, iron. It is best to set multistage systems. They first clean the water mechanically from large clay or sand particles.

Then the following cartridges bring water to crystal clear, soft and safe for health. If the plot is entered by water water, but it is purified from chlorine impurities and its unpleasant odor.

Filters for water purification from well

Borehole filtering units are becoming more and more popular today. They are needed for country houses, where the owners have their own water well and do not want to connect to the central water supply. Such water resources are much cleaner and useful to health, but sometimes it is also necessary to clean them.

By chemical composition, water from wells is usually perfect, so the filter must first eliminate large dirt - clay, earth or sand particles.

How often is the change of cartridges

Cleansing filters, cassette parts, cartridges must be changed periodically so that the driver always entered the cranes without dirt and harmful chemical impurities. There are, of course, self-cleaning devices, but they are very expensive.

The frequency of filter change depends on many factors: the degree of water pollution, the volume of the fluid consumed, the method of cleaning and the type of device. The volume of the initial tank is also affected, as well as the quality of the device itself.

It is very important to determine which water comes from the crane. It may include:

• fungi;
• seaweed;
• ammonia;
• chlorine compounds;
• acids;
• hydrogen sulfide;
• rust;
• sand.

The water sample can be passed to the nearest laboratory of SanEpidemstation. Examination will show accurate acid-alkaline balance, color, level of rigidity, the presence of organic compounds - fluorine, iron, chlorine. Such data will help you choose the perfect filter. With severely polluted and rigid water, a good device with a multistage filtering system will be required.

How to install water purifier

Some types of filtration devices can be installed independently, for example, desktop tanks. Sophisticated models require assistance to plumbing or other specialists. This concerns the flow options, as well as those that are mounted under the sink.

Here you need knowledge about the placement of pipes, the entire water line. Today, experienced professionals are enough to install filtration devices inexpensively and enjoy every day. clean water.

Filter care

Regularly be sure to change filters and cartridges of mechanical cleaning, as well as washing membranes, as well as their replacement (in ultraviolet installation or reverse osmosis). On average, they are enough for 1-1.5 years.

It is also necessary to carry out prevention and flushing of the valve, restore softeners, forward fillers. Some manipulations can be done independently, and some require the help of an experienced master.

Rating of the best brands of water purifiers

Among the leading manufacturers of filtration systems, allocate the following:

1. Aqualine - Taiwanese firm manufactures inverse osmosis systems, inexpensive and high-quality.
   
2. Raifil is a manufacturer of filters from South Korea. It has very good reviews and produces various types of devices that serve for a long time.
   
3. The barrier is a Russian brand with a wide range - dummy filters, flow desktop devices, as well as better filters with reverse osmosis and ultraviolet water treatment.
4. Aquaphor is a famous Russian brand, which offers options in an inexpensive price category. Replaceable cartridges for jugs sell in almost every supermarket. The system of reverse osmosis of this brand is very in demand, since it is inexpensive and perfectly filtered by flow, well or well water.
   
5. Geyser is another good Russian brand. Their filters are suitable for rigid water and complete bacterial purification. Some models of the jugs have a cartridge replacement indicator.
   

If you set a good filter, the crane daily will flow clean drinking water, which can be given to children without boiling. It has a beneficial effect on skin cover and does not dry them, does not harm human health.

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Under the conditions of pollution of the modern environment in each house, it is recommended to install a special filter for water under the sink. Depending on the type of cleaning, it will help to save water from sand, lime, soda deposits, and also filters it from metals.

To help choose a home appliance, we have prepared a rating of the most sought-after models that will provide a high-quality and delicious seven. Each water filter under the sink is characterized by features suitable for a specific type. water water.

Use the water filter?

YesNo, water is clean

The question is what is the better filter for water under the sink, often arises in families where children live. Little Organism S. early years It is necessary to obtain pure and useful water, and the quality of tap water leaves much to be desired. In order not to be lost in the store in front of a large assortment, we suggest to consider several main selection criteria:

1. Incoming pressure. When choosing a filter, pay attention to the type of water connection. When connected to centralized water supply, the pressure should be at least 2.5 atm - this will ensure the normal functioning of the device. If the connection is carried out to autonomous water supply and the pressure does not exceed 2.5 atm, it is worth seeking models with reverse osmosis - they are equipped with a pump.
2. Performance. It is calculated on the basis of the number of people in the house and the volume of water consumed in peak loads. When choosing a filtering system for an apartment, it is worth considering the volume of water consumed to the loaded clock.
3. Dimensions. The upper filter valve will be installed on the sink, so before buying it is important to take into account its size and shape. Most often, filters for round and oval washes are offered.
4. Types of cartridges. When buying a filter, some different cartridges are already underway to it, but they need to be replaced with gradual cleaning. Today the range is represented by such cartridges: antibacterial, from metal impurities, from mechanical impurities, universal and for rigid water.

Having understood with the main selection criteria, one can safely move to the study of our rating of household filters under the sink.

The best water filters

Opens our six leaders model from the Brenda Aquaphor. The rating of manufacturers suggests that this company has long established itself in the market for water purification from a positive side. The FE trio is a high-speed drinking water filter designed for the sink mounting. In the configuration to the model there are 3 cartridges: they purify water from metals, chlorine impurities, pesticides.

Externally, the model has standard dimensions - 33.2x10.5x29.6 cm, so it is easily mounted under the sink. The filtration rate is 2.5 liters per minute, which is just relevant for a family of 3-4 people. The resource of this filter is 7 thousand liters, while changing the cartridges must be 1 time per year. The temperature of the water with which the FE trio works - from +5 to +38 degrees.

• Good price ratio - quality;
• Simple installation;
• Easy replacement of modules;
• Changing the taste of water for the better.

• Uncomfortable water supply faucet.

Alla, 38 years

I live in the industrial region, and the water is severely contaminated with heavy metals. Previously, they were rescued with a filter-jug, but then we bought a FE trio, it possesses three degrees of cleaning. The water immediately became pleasant to taste, after brewing the tea on the circle there are no traces - I like everything.

On the fifth line of our filter filters for cleaning water under the sink, a new water is located. This is a manufacturer from Russia, characterized by the manufacture of reverse osmosis installations. In the configuration to the model, a special water tank is supplied, it is mounted under the sink. You can use a reverse osmosis filter only for cold water, its operating pressure is from 0.2 to 0.8 MPa.

Reference! During filtering using reverse osmosis, water passes through the membrane, and the substances in it are dissolved and becomes less concentrated.

Filtration speed reaches up to 270 liters per day. The device has a function of the mineralization of water, 4 levels of purification are laid in the system: mechanical, activated carbon, high-selective membrane and a mixture of partially soluble minerals.

• Compactness;
• Stylish design;
• Easy installation;
• Transparency.

• High price.

Elena, 52 years

The husband independently installed the reverse osmosis filter from the company new water literally for half an hour. The device is thought out to the smallest detail, and most importantly - it is compact and perfectly included under the sink. The tank is gaining water for 30-40 minutes, after filtration, water becomes so tasty that you want to drink it all the time.

Another cleaning option with the help of reverse osmosis represents the company atoll. The model called A-550M is a combination of high performance with 5 water purification. The fluid passes through several phases of filtration, before getting to the consumer: cleaning from free chlorine, deferraling, reverse osmosis, mitigation and mineralization.

This product ranks fourth in the ranking of water filters for the sink due to the accumulative tank of 12 liters, a convenient separate crane, good performance. The pressure at the inlet is 2.8 - 6 atm, while the filter can work with water at a temperature of +4 to + 38 degrees, which means the possibility of filtering hot water.

• Accessories from foreign manufacturers;
• Conducting tests of filters before selling;
• Flasks made of propylene of high strength of Japan;
• Smooth unscrewing of the flask;
• Resistance to pressure jumps in the plumbing.

• A large number of connections in the system;
• High cost of replaceable modules.

Denis, 33 years

I lead a healthy lifestyle and go to the gym. Drinking for me - one of the required points on the way to proper nutrition and a beautiful body. In order not to buy bottled water, I put this filter. Previously I did not understand why people put the reverse osmosis system if you can cheaper to buy a regular filter. Now I feel the difference - water, like a source.

The five-speed reverse osmosis cleaning system from Ecosoft is located in the third place of our rating. What is special in it and why this model took the third line? First, the cost of this system is 2 times lower than the price of previously discussed reverse osmosis filters. Secondly, there are all the necessary functions for water filtration.

Tip! The essence of purification by reverse osmosis lies in the passage of water through the membrane. At the same time, it passes only liquid molecules and dissolved oxygen.

The people's rating set the ECOSOFT MO 5-50 model for a third position due to high productivity - 190 liters per day, a good amount of cumulative tank - 7 liters, as well as the compactness of the installation. The weight of the system is 6 kg, while the installation problems will not arise - everything can be done according to the instructions. The model is equipped with 5 cartridges: removal of sand and mechanical impurities, chlorine removal, fine water purification, membrane element and posturbon.

• Compactness;
• High-quality assembly;
• Ceramics-based tap;
• Fittings for production England

• High cost of consumables.

Anton, 27 years old

I collected and installed the filter myself, it was easy. I like the fact that the hoses of the system are flexible, all gaskets are high-quality, none of the leakage for 2 years I did not find it. What about the water is wonderful. Delicious, saturated with benefit, you can drink days.

This model would stand on the first line in the ranking of flow filters for water under the sink. This filter is not terrible leakage due to an increase in water pressure in the system, because each flask is equipped with high-quality silicone gaskets. You can connect the filter in a matter of minutes, and there will be very little time to change cartridges. The body of the product is equipped with a special button dropping the pressure level in the system during emergency situations.

The case of the model is transparent - this makes it possible to find out when you need to change the filter cartridges. The configuration of the device includes a separate crane, bracket, flasks, a set of cartridges. It consists of cleaners such: mechanical cleaning, disinfection and air conditioning, as well as a carbon cartridge to eliminate small particles.

Are we often thinking about the question of which water we use the houses of la drinking or for cooking? Alas, you have to admit that it is not yet a complete understanding of the need for cleaning and filtering. But this is by no means idle question: water quality from autonomous sources or from the city network is very often over the limits of permissible sanitary standards. A simple boiling or upset can only help partly, and unable to cope with the overwhelming factors of pollution or even infection.

It is gratifying that the number of supporters of a reasonable attitude towards health, their own and the nearest environment is still growing. Direct evidence of this is the expanding popularity and demand of household appliances for water purification. Filter manufacturers are constantly working to improve their products, the expansion of the assortment series. But the diversity presented on sale can easily put in the "stupor" of the buyer, which acquires such products for the first time, and not too knowledgeable in the question, how to choose a water filter.

Where does the choice begins?

This publication will not be a thorough story about polluting factors, on the technologies of cleaning it from certain substances, about the principles of operation of various filtering devices.

How are the coarse and thin cleaning filters work and how do you work?

It is very important to know this, but it is not necessary to repeat. A separate large article of our portal is devoted to the issue of the device and functioning of various functions.

Therefore, today the emphasis will be made, mainly on consumer issues - what to choose a person to provide its pure water. Let us withdraw "for brackets" and complex powerful water treatment stations collected from several column type filters - only specialists should be engaged in their selection, complete set and installation. Consider the problem in the context of the purchase in the specialized store of the finished filter or filtration complex designed for the needs of one average family.

Performing any task should always be started with a clear understanding of what is required to obtain in the end. By purchasing any, in essence, things or products, a person usually already represents what functions or quality it hopes to get money for his spent money. It is not an exception in this issue and a filter for water purification. It is required to confidently represent what properties it should possess.

A simplified approach of the type "Just clean the water" is, of course, solid amateur. Along with the obvious signs of pollution (with which the skill should also be struggling), in water there may be completely imperceptible visually, on the smell or taste of substances or microorganisms, representing the threat of human health.

Do not trust either your superficial feelings or, especially, the Soviets of the neighbors. Subjective opinions can lie in a wide range - from "We have all my life with such water drinking" to some contrived "horrors" relating, rather, to the category of "urban legends". And, in addition, the quality of water from the neighboring close sources, or even in neighboring houses of urban development can differ significantly.

As a result, you can go into one of the two extremes:

• Acquisition of a filter that does not have the required cleaning functions will be simply discharged in the wind.
• Using the explicit consumer ignorance, sellers in the store will try to impose an expensive filtering system in which there is absolutely no need. As a result, this is also lost money.

The optimal solution is to pass through the sample of water from the source or water supply to the laboratory analysis. This is definitely worth the money, but such spending will be justified.

Analysis decides immediately a lot of issues:

• You can immediately assess the principal fitness of the autonomous source for use in food needs.
• The results of the analysis will help to properly select the filtering system. Re-analysis, after installing the filter, will give a clear picture of the effectiveness of its work.
• Regular testing will allow you to track the dynamics of changing the biochemical composition of water - an extremely important event for autonomous, especially newly equipped sources.
• The presence of a laboratory study protocol can become a document on the basis of which it will be possible to make a claim to urban utilities.

By the way, many thoughtful people acquiring new housing must necessarily immediately require a document on the quality of drinking water.

To analyze, you need to decide on the laboratory. It is not necessary to resort from the services of laboratories working in water-supplying organizations (there it can easily make the understatement of pollution indicators), and with companies engaged in installing filtering and cleaning systems (there, it is clear may be another extreme). It is best to choose an independent organization that has relevant state certification.

Laboratory tests are divided into two types - chemical and microbiological. For autonomous, even more so, both surface sources are mandatory. For tap water, which, in theory, should already pass the stage of disinfection, are often limited to a chemical breakdown, although the study on microbiology will never be superfluous.

It is reasonable to agree in advance with the laboratory workers about the time of delivery of reservoir blood samples, as there are certain restrictions on their shelf life (2 ÷ 3 hours).

Water fence also requires compliance with certain rules:

For chemical analysis it is necessary to pass 1.5 liters.

• The optimal solution is clean plastic bottleBut only from drinking non-carbonated water. Apply a container from under sweet drinks or beer - prohibited.
• Crane opens, and water is given at least 15 minutes for free output. (If the source has not been used for a long time, it will take even 2 hours).
• A bottle and cover are thoroughly washed with the same water that will be analyzed. No detergents are used.
• Then the pressure is made minimal, so that the set in the bottle does not create aeration - - the appearance of bubbles. Surplus oxygen can greatly distort the overall picture.
• Tara is filled in completely, with overflow, with such a calculation, so that under the tightly twisted plug there is no air.

For biological analysis, the requirement is completely different.

• The required volume is about 0.5 liters. The packaging should be absolutely sterile - if used, for example, a glass jar, then it is and the cover to it carefully passes. Many laboratories practicing samples on microbiology exclusively in their sterile disposable containers, which is issued to the customer.
• For the fence of water, the hands must be put in sterile medical gloves.

• Even before opening the crane, the cut out of iridescent or burns with fire, or is carefully processed by medical alcohol - it is necessary to completely exclude the hit in the sample of microorganisms from the side.
• A crane opens, and water under the maximum pressure is driven by no mee 10 minutes.
• After that, a sterilized container (cold) is filled to the top, and immediately closes hermetically.

Usually, the deadline for the execution of the order according to a qualitative laboratory study of water is about 5 ÷ 7 days. By the way, if they promise to do literally per day ÷ two, it should be alert. It happens that the surface express test, which is then issued for a deep study, are not completely bona fide.

As a result, the Customer should receive a protocol certified by the established procedure that has a legislative document.

As a rule, this is a table in which the extremely valid values \u200b\u200bfor water, installed SanPiN and actually obtained indicators are indicated.

Having such a document on the hands and highlighting the positions that require adjustments, it will be possible to select filters of the corresponding focus.

Is it possible to restrict ourselves to conducting independent express tests, whose sets for which can be purchased in stores?

Specialists have a single opinion about specialists - such an analysis is not a full alternative to laboratory. Of course, it will show the presence of a problem, but it will not be able to determine the exact quantitative and component pollution indicators, that is, the data for the qualitative selection of the filtering system will be clearly not enough.

And one more parameter with which you should decide in advance - the required filter performance. Kohl in the article discusses devices for cleaning drinking water and for cooking, it is possible to come from averaged norm of 3 liters per day per person. Of course, the filter should not work at the limit of its capabilities, that is, it is desirable to increase this norm, say, twice.

Thus, if in the house (apartment) lives, for example, five people, it is easy to determine what is required by about 30 liters of purified water per day. Accordingly, the acquired device must cope with such a load.

We now turn to the consideration of various models of household

Simplest Option: Filter - Jug

Filter-jug device

For those who do not want to spend a significant amount for the acquisition of the filter, does not need large volumes of purified water, or does not want to communicate with any installation or connection of the system to the water supply, can be advised to get a "Light option" - a jug. Of course, such a decision is possible only if the quality of the incoming water will allow.

Although externally in the form and color design, the jug filters can seriously differ. The basic design is always one, and does not differ in great complexity.

In essence, these are two tanks separated by partition and communicating only through the filter cartridge.

The enclosure of the jug (pos. 1) is used to collect purified water. It is always made of a transparent food polymer, on its walls often placed the scale of volume - for ease of use. The capacitance of the jug may vary - usually a number of models are presented with a volume of filtered water in the range of 1.3 ÷ 4 liters. The choice of this parameter depends on the needs of the family in drinking water.

Top capacity (pos. 2) is a liner in the case. It is also manufactured from shockproof food plastic, but usually having a darker tone (color may be different - depending on the design idea). This compartment is designed to receive water to be filtered, and its capacity, as a rule, is approximately twice as much as the useful volume of the jug.

At the bottom of the liner, where it forms a kind of funnel, there is a socket, which is tightly inserted and the filter cartridge is fixed (pos. 3). Purpose, that is, the functionality of the cartridge may be different - this is selected based on the existing "clinical picture" of water condition.

It is important to know that the lock or threaded connection of the cartridge with the upper capacity can differ significantly from different manufacturers. For all visibility, it is a method of stimulating to acquire only branded components.

In the upper part of the case there is nozzle - for the convenience of the directional drain of filtered water (pos. 4). The design is such that even with a strong slope of the jug of water from the upper and lower compartments there is no possibility to accidentally mix.

A set of water for filtering is carried out when the lid (pos. 5) is crowned back (pos. 5), which can be equipped with a convenient retainer (pos. 6), or through the intake hatcher, which also necessarily has its own lid to eliminate the random dust or garbage inward.

The filter jug \u200b\u200balways has a comfortable handle (pos. 7). From above on the lid or on a handle, a "reminder" can be placed - a mechanical calendar, which will suggest the owner of the shifts of the filter cartridge. There are also expensive models that have an electronic indication. Moreover, when selling some branded models, customer registration is practiced, which will subsequently receive the Internet or SMS messages about the need to replace.

The scheme of work is obvious - water poured into the upper capacity independently, without any impact, only due to the force of gravity, passes through the filling of the cartridge, it receives the required cleaning and accumulates in the jug. As water consumption for drinking or kitchen needs, new portions are added to the receiving capacity.

Applied cartridges

It is the cartridge that is the most important element of such a filter, so special attention should be focused on its choice.

The form of the cartridge and its lock part can be different, and the interchangeability of speech almost does not go, if, of course, this is not specified by the manufacturer.

But the cartridges for one filter model can have a different purpose:

• Replaceable elements for standard quality water are sold - they help to cope with possible unpleasant smells, normalize the taste, remove heavy metal ions, chlorine impurities, organic compounds, etc. The usual sorption material for them is granulated activated carbon.
• There are cartridges with a pronounced softening effect - they additionally introduces a certain amount of ion exchange resins.
• You can choose a cartridge and for source with increased content Iron - they use a non-deceptive technology of deferrization and filtration.
• For sources, water from which does not pass the stages of disinfection, there are special elements with a bactericidal effect.
• Cassettes are produced, the refueling of which implies a healing fluorinating effect on water.

Most companies use silver cartridges in one form or another cartridges - this prevents the development of bacteria colonies within them. And besides, each manufacturers tried to surprise the consumer with their own original developments.

Usually, in the input and output of their cartridge there is a mesh or membrane that performs the function of mechanical filtering. In addition, usually in replaceable elements has a special throttle device, which levels the speed of water through the filler, regardless of the level of completion of the upper jug.

Advantages and disadvantages. The selection parameters of the filters-jugs.

About the positive qualities of filters-jugs can be said as follows:

• Their operation is the simplest, with which any person will cope.
• No installation operations, except for connecting the cartridge, simply not. The perfect option for work, hostel or for leased housing.
• Jug can be easily taken with me as needed, for example, for a trip to rest.
• Low cost available to any family.

There are substantial disadvantages of such filtering:

• Cleaning is only certain portions. For example, to score a five-liter kettle, you will have to make two filter filling.
• The cleaning speed is low, rarely reaches the threshold of 400 ml / minute, and more often - even significantly less.
• Requires frequent (about once a month and a half) Replacing the cartridge. The term can be even less.
• Quite high operational costs in terms of the volume of filter water, if you look at the prospect. So, after one and a half - two years, total costs can be equal, or even exceed the cost of a truly powerful and high-quality multistage filtering installation.

When choosing a filter jug, careful should be attentive, since the market is replete with cheap fakes.

In no case do not buy them in random places - there are specialized stores for this. It is best to choose models of famous brands.

Carefully inspect and, literally, sniff the case. No smells of the polymer should not be published. Food plastic must have the appropriate pictographic marking shown in the figure.

Immediately, you should appreciate the possibility of purchasing original interchangeable cartridges of the required functionality, in accordance with the quality of the water source, and their price availability.

It is reasonable to find the selection of a jug in volume. Remember - a similar filter is not at all "graphic", but serves only for water purification. The tank of the vessel must comply with real needs with a small margin. Store filtered water no longer recommended. So, there will be surplus simply merge, in vain spending the resource of the replaceable cartridge.

Usually for a lonely person or for a pair, there is enough jug for one and a half liters. On the purchase of a maximum container filter, about 4 liters, it is fashionable to think only if it is used in a large family.

The acquired cartridges should be in the original hermetic packaging. Be sure to check their shelf life.

The convenience of the jug and its exterior design is definitely important criteria, they still have to be assessed last.

To complete the section on the filters of jugs - a small overview of popular models from well-known manufacturers and some cartridges for them.

Video: Review of the filter-jugs brand "Barrier"

Filters in the form of tap nozzles

Another type of filters that can be attributed to the simplest water purification systems.

As it is clear from the name, these device is simply put on the ledge of the wizard of the mixer. Water filtration is flowing in flow, due to the pressure in the pipes. This allows you to use a carefully compacted sorbent filling in such filters, in contrast to the cartridges of jugs, that is, to improve the quality of water purification.

The advantages of such desktop filters are an increased resource and performance. The device does not block the space directly above the sink.

However, the deficiencies are also a lot. The design is quite volume and will occupy a lot of useful space near the washing, to which it is "tied." When using a coupling connection, the inconvenience is the same as the compact nozzle - the need to connect and shut down each time the filtered water set. If the connection with the satellor is used, it may interfere with the tube stretching from it.

The water set of such a filter requires care - careless inclusion will result in the spill of the liquid on the surface of the table. The probability of a random start in the hot water filter is fully maintained.

Filtering systems with installation for washing

All great popularity among users conquer universal installations for filtering and thin water purple, which are usually placed under the kitchen sink.

Constructively, such systems usually represent a series of cartridge filters, each with its cartridge of a certain type of action. (About the design of such filters is described in detail in the article, the reference to which is placed above). Water along the path of movement from the water pipe to the parsing point consistently passes all modules, which ensures comprehensive cleaning of the highest class.

All filters are usually assembled on the same console with the channel system or tubes for transferring water from one module to another. There are models with corpus execution, in which the entire system is closed with a casing.

The location of the filter flask is most often linear. In some multistage systems, it is possible to locate in two rows or two tiers, with vertical and horizontal placement of modules.

The number of modules, i.e. and the cleaning steps: from the minimum one, up to four, and sometimes even five. This causes the highest "flexibility" of the system - the mounting dimensions of interchangeable cartridges, as a rule, one producers are withstanding with uniform, which makes it possible to accurately select the general characteristics of the entire complex depending on the results of the laboratory water research.

Such complexes are very convenient in operation. When they are installed, the water supply is immediately connected to the water supply, and a separate crane is installed on the sink, connected to the last stage of filtration. At any time, you can substitute the container, open the crap and type the desired amount of purified water. Moreover, the diameter of the switching tubes, the connecting channels and the external crane parameters provide the optimal pressure for high-quality filtering - there is no risk to exceed it. In addition, it is completely eliminated by the probability of hot water into filtering modules.

The disadvantages of such complexes can be considered only a certain complexity of primary installation, although for the host, which is familiar with the base plumbing techniques, should not have any special problems. And the relatively greater cost of such complexes can hardly be attributed to disadvantages - high quality cleaning costs such costs, and a considerable resource of replaceable modules provides a quick return on the filtering unit.

The choice of such filtering systems has its own characteristics.

• Since the hidden placement of the installation under the sink is supposed, the issues of external design are usually not among the primary. Much more important than the compliance of the dimensions of the complex to the real size of the space allotted under its installation.
• Since the system assumes, most often, multistage cleaning, it is not necessary to navigate the seller-consultant, but on the existing results of a laboratory study. It is important to define priorities in advance to select the modular content of the kit.
• Some complexes have an extended functionality - after the first stage of mechanical cleaning, there is a branch to a normal mixer or dishwasher, heater, etc.
• Evaluating the performance of the complex as a whole, you should focus on the readings of the "slow" cartridge itself. Usually, the exit from the crane is due to the flow of about 1.5 ÷ 2 liters per minute - quite acceptable characteristic.
• Filtering modules may vary from their resource. Behind this, the owner will have to monitor independently, since it may sometimes be able to change the cartridges without at once, but "stepped". Some modules are periodic regeneration.

Of course, check the delivery package. Usually, the system is supplied with everything necessary for its full installation - a suspension or floor console, the flasks, a set of cartridges (it can often be chosen at its discretion), a tee for sinking into a plumbing with a pressure regulator, connecting tubes, a crane for installation for a sink, a key for "Packs" flasks with cartridges. Sometimes the kit includes additional accessories - all this is indicated in the passport of the product.

Video: Advantages of filter for water "Akvafor-Trio"

Fiberglass Fibos Type Filters

Another type of filter in which the water is cleared by passing through the filter element under the action of pressure in the water supply system or pressure generated by the pump, if the water source is autonomous. These filters are embedded directly into the highway, that is, into the pipe along which water is fed to the crane. This is convenient, since the primary filter procedure is different and, as a rule, is performed by a plumber specialist. But anyone who has basic plumbing skills will easily cope with it.

The advantage of the main filters is that clean water is still flowing from the crane, which can be used for any purpose. In addition, you can install one filter for multiple water parsing points (kitchen, bathroom, bathroom, washing and dishwasher, etc.).

The work of these filters will analyze on the example of FIBOS filters.

• In the outer flask of the filter enters the crude water.
• It passes under pressure through the filter element - the mosted super-thin microwel. The distance between the coils of the microwave is 1 micron.
• Pollution remains in the outer part of the flask.
• Clean water from the filter element is supplied to the crane and on household appliances.
• Pollution is removed from the outer part of the flask simply by opening the drainage crane.

The microwave is the main one in the filter. What is it and how it filters?

Currently, the only mass production of the microwelod is in Russia. The technology of its production has developed effectively in the USSR. The main areas of use of the microworous - military and space industry.

The microwire is an ultra-thin metal thread that is covered with glass insulation. Its thickness is not more than 25 microns, which is 40 times less than a millimeter.

In the filtering element, the microwon is wound with a distance between the turns of 1 microns. Only water passes through it, and the pollution remains in the outer flask of the filter, then they are removed when the drainage crane is opened at the bottom of the Fibos filter. A glass coating of the microworous is necessary so that the contamination does not stick to the filter element and are easily flushed when washing.

If you look at the photo of the filter element FIBOS under the microscope, you can see the metal core and the covering shell of glass. Close carefully, you can see the gap between the turns, which makes up about 1 micron.

In addition to thin water purification from mechanical type impurities, FIBOS type filters are protected from bacteria. Bacteria are attached to mechanical particles, forming a thin biofilm on them. Due to its superflink filtration, FIBOS filter fully delays them.

If necessary, to mitigate water, the removal of chlorine, reducing the iron content in the water after the fiber filter type Fibos, you can put an inexpensive cartridge filter with the corresponding properties. Cartridges serve much longer, less often change, as the pre-fine cleaning makes the FIBOS filter.

From the point of view of performance there is a line of filters FIBOS from 5 l / min for kitchen, 16.5 l / min for an apartment or cottage, 50 l / min for a cottage, 83 l / min for a cottage, a pool to industrial samples in 1000 l / min .

FIBOS filters work at water pressure from 0.5 to 16 bar. They include a pressure gauge showing the pressure in the system.

Another plus with these filters: they practically do not reduce the pressure in the system of your water supply.

For ease of operation, fibos filters attach devices for automatic flushing.

Filters are compact, height from 146 mm to 183 mm without a pressure gauge and washing crane.

Filters with reverse osmosis system

The highest indicators of water purification from any inclusions, chemical or bacteriological contaminants show filtering settings in which, in addition to the usual cleaning, a stage operating on the principle of reverse osmosis is used.

To begin with - what is the reverse osmosis?

If the vessel is divided by the membrane with microscopic pores, and then in these departments pour liquid from different concentrations of impurities content, then the system will not be equilibrium. The liquid from the compartment with a smaller concentration will spontaneously strive to the opposite, so as to align the total concentration. This phenomenon is called direct osmosis.

But if an external impact is applied to the volume of a more concentrated fluid - to increase its pressure, then the flow through the membrane will begin to be carried out in the opposite direction. And only from the size of the cells of the membrane will depend on what will go to the next department.

This is how the reverse osmosis filtering installations work.

Water enters the filter module under pressure (arrow No. 1). The module itself is divided into two parts of the membrane (red arrow), the dimensions of the microcertices of which are of only about 0.3 nm, with the calculation so that they paste the water molecules. Thus, small water molecules penetrate the second half, from where the filtered water comes to the accumulation points or consumption (arrow No. 3). All larger molecules, not to mention mechanical suspensions, bacteria and even most viruses are reliably delayed on the membrane, and are outlined together with a concentrated solution in drainage (arrow No. 2). The usual phenomenon is considered the proportion ⅓ on the total volume - purified water and ⅔ - discharged concentrate.

In principle, such a scheme can independently clean the water of any extent of contamination. However, in order not to "overload" the membrane, and that its pores do not borrow, several steps of pre-filtration are envisaged. In addition, some molecules (for example, free chlorine, constantly present in tap water), are less than water, and they need to get rid of them in advance. Therefore, pre-filtration includes not only mechanical, but also sorption cleaning.

At the output, water is obtained, which in its characteristics is approaching distilled. From the point of view of purity, this is excellent, but from the standpoint of consumer qualities - not very. Such demineralized water is devoid of even the slightest taste and smell, for drinking is unsuitable, and dishes prepared from it will not be the most delicious. Moreover, many doctors converge that water is similar to the degree of purification can be even harmful to the human body.

To eliminate this disadvantage, the domestic destination is usually completed after the reverse osmotive modules are set. This is usually a mineralizer that enriches water necessary for a person. mineral salts. A coal postfilter can also be placed, a biothermal module that normalizes the bio-composition of water. And if special sterilization is required, then an ultraviolet lamp can be completed at the end of the cycle.

The cost of such installations is quite high, so it is necessary to immediately decide how much the need is in it. In addition, when choosing a number of important criteria are taken into account.

• For the reverse osmosis process, the minimum pressure of about 2.8 bar is required. Not always plumbing systems meet these indicators. So, it will be necessary or installing a pump that increases the pressure in the system, or it will be necessary to purchase a complex equipped with a built-in pump. That is, the need to organize still and power supply will appear.
• Very "how many" is the performance of the filtering installation. It is important to find the "golden middle" so that the need for clean water is provided, and unnecessary surplus is not created. We should not forget that in order to get a liter of purified water about two liters will have to drain into the sewer. It eats such water on economic purposes will be extremely unreasonable.

Even the smallest installations are able to give up to 100 liters per day - this is more than enough for any family. So it is unlikely that it is necessary to chase at high indicators, especially since this is reflected in the cost of the installation itself.

• It should be declared which installation will be more convenient to use - cumulative or running. In flow systems, filtering is only with an open watershedral crane - more productive membranes are installed. In another embodiment, the system has its own cumulative tank - the filtering process is only as necessary - with a decrease in the total volume of accumulated purified water to a certain level. Very convenient - the owners always have a margin of pure water. The disadvantage is considerable installation dimensions assembly. But the price of such complexes is significantly lower.

The most expensive module, naturally, is reverse izmotable, but its resource is quite large - the membrane usually stands up to three years of operation. The remaining interchangeable cartridges change more often, as resources laid in them are developed. Typically, preliminary filters serve to six months, and the coal cartridge of post-purity - up to the year. After its depletion, water can "sign up" a bitter flavor.

Video: Household filtering installation with a reverse osmosis system "Aquaphor - Morion"