A. Schilov
IN modern conditions Leadership should be the mandatory quality of a successful manager, although the leader cannot be used to appoint a higher organization.
Effective management requires the leader of the possession of the following organizational skills and abilities:
- ability to control themselves;
- reasonable personal values;
- clear personal goals;
- perseverance for permanent personal growth;
- skills to solve problems;
- ingenuity and ability to innovate;
- ability to influence others, lead;
- Knowledge of modern management approaches;
- ability to train and develop subordinates;
- The ability to form and develop effective working groups.
The organizer is usually becoming the one who possesses not only the professional advantages of the head, appreciated by other members of the group, but also the personal advantages of the leader. The more active the leader acquires, uses and shares with other humanistic values, the higher its importance and utility for others, the most likely it will be the leader of the group.
A balanced system combination of administrative management of the university with the introduction of students self-government mechanisms can lead to effective solutions. In modern conditions, the cooperation of the administration and organizational students is an important factor in the development of democratic forms of management in the system higher education. Formulation of the mission and objectives of students is a basis for further development of the development strategy and the structure of the student association. Consideration student self-government as a tool for the implementation of youth policy state Focusing the attention of the student association on the organization of student life within the university.
For the effective work of the student association, targeted differentiated work with various categories of students and the formation of organizational culture of the student association, which is an organic part of the general corporate culture of the highest educational institution.
An example of a student association in Penza Gas is the Institute of Student Leaders (ISL) at the Institute of Economics and Management. The appointment of such an institution where all the roles are performed by the students themselves - preparation of the leadership of the student to practical activity.
According to the presidents of major Japanese companies, the President (leader-organizer) must have the following qualities: initiative and determination under risk (42%); long-term foresight and flexibility (34%); Stubborn work and continuous study, self-improvement (10%); Little view, global approach (29%); The ability to fully use employees (24%); readiness to listen to the opinion of others (22%); the ability to create a team and a harmonious atmosphere in it (20%); The ability to clearly formulate goals and installations (17%); personal charm (22%); The ability to correctly use your time (15%); Readiness to use an open management style - the style of cooperation (19%).
In the conditions of modernity, organizational qualities should be the mandatory qualities of a successful person, although this organizer cannot be done by order of a higher organization. They become due to their personal qualities and abilities, regardless of position in the service hierarchy, but the merger of the role of the head and the organizer in one person is most valuable and promising.
How to develop your organizational qualities(Memo student)
To develop the skills of organizational activities, it is necessary to follow the following recommendations.
S. Check out carefully with the activities of youth associations in the university, select the destinations you are interested in and connect to work.
S. Try to competently build relationships with people, your words should not disagree with the case.
? S. Do not be afraid to take responsibility for collective performance.
S. Organize different events yourself.
S. Believe in yourself, in your strength and never stay on the achieved, learn to manage yourself.
S. Reflect and develop qualities inherent in the leader.
S. Rail a culture of business relationships.
S. Clearly realize what is going to talk, say confidently.
S. Keep your dignity always and take responsibility in all matters.
S. Actively participate in student self-government.
- S Organize the work with students of junior courses yourself, do not refuse to help them.
- S Always take care of your reputation and personal authority.
S. Lighten the rules of organizational work: clearly put a goal, make a plan; do everything in order and on time; Pick up assistants and, instructing them, transfer them to work; Control the course of work.
S. Organize yourself and carry out self-control of your own affairs and, most importantly, their results.
UDC 378 UDC 378
Formation of the organizational formation of Organizational
Student Abilities - Important Abilities Of Students - An Important
Quality of Future Officers Quality Of Future Leaders
Trubilin Alexander Ivanovich Trubilin Alexander Ivanovich
doctor of Economics, Professor, Rector of Doctor of Economics, Professor, Rector
Grigorache Oleg Vladimirovich Grigorash Oleg Vladimirovich
d.N., Professor, Head of the Department, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor, Head Of The
[Email Protected] chair [Email Protected]
Kuban State Agrarian Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar, Russia
university, Krasnodar, Russia
The article discloses the main forms and The Article Describes The Basic Forms and Teaching
methodical techniques for forming Methods of Forming Organizational abilities of students
student Organizations - - Of Future Leaders - During The Educational Activities AT
future managers - in the period of The University
educational activities in university
Keywords: Department, Professors- Keywords: Chair, Faculty,
Teaching staff, Organizational Abilities of Students,
Organizational Abilities Head Of Chair
Students, Head of the Department
Modern rapid pace of scientific and technological progress
Enhance the requirements for the highest school, which should prepare competitive specialists. In addition to the basic knowledge of their profession, they must have organizational abilities as future managers of organizations, enterprises and firms.
It is known that the management of the team is not only art, but also to a certain degree of craft, which can be trained. Currently in educational process Questions of the formation of knowledge, skills and skills of managing teams in high schools is not paid to the formation of universities.
One of the basic qualities of the modern specialist with the highest professional education It is its organizational abilities that influence the effectiveness of decisions made, and ultimately individual and collective activities, effectively operate in standard and non-standard situations, optimally use material and personnel resources.
In addition to organizational abilities, the modern leader must own the following qualities:
Own professional knowledge in the specialty (knowledge of production technology and its functioning);
The desire to achieve production and social goals at the expense of rationality and systemics in work;
The ability to have a positive effect on people, raising a personal example, while competently distribute duties, stimulate workers;
Have a high level of culture of professional communication, able to be tactfully and diplomatically convinced, be able to listen to, have an excerpt in any conflict situation and correctly perceive criticism in your address.
The main role in the development of organizational abilities and the qualities of the head belongs to the department.
The faculty (PPP) must ensure that each student becomes not only a highly qualified specialist, but also mastered the skills of the manager who can organize and successfully solve the emergence professional activity Problems.
The development of the above organizational abilities, including the qualities of the modern leader, must be carried out in the study time on the methodological, seminar and laboratory classes and in the extracurricular - during the work of students in the circles of research work of students of the department.
1 Methodical student classes
One of the most effective types of occupations that vaccinate the skills of organizational abilities are methodological studies with students. Classes will organize teachers, and conduct students.
The main goal of such events is to develop students of practical skills in organizing and conducting classes.
Methodological classes should be organized with students studying at the fourth course of undergraduate and in the magistracy. They are held only on special professional training profile disciplines.
Figure 1 shows the algorithm for conducting a methodological classes with students.
Entrance word of the teacher (3 min)
The algorithm of classes conducted by the student and the distribution of time
Opening part (3 min)
Main part (10 min)
Final part -<
Announcement of the topic and goals
The connection of the material of the upcoming classes with the previous topic
Consideration of the learning issue of studying the appointment, composition, principle of operation, scheme, devices, equipment, systems, etc.)
Summing up the classes and setting tasks for independent training
Discussion and summing up classroom teacher (up to 15 min)
Figure 1 - Algorithm for conducting methodological classes with students
Approximately a week before the methodological session, the teacher must inform students who will conduct it, the learning issue that needs to be revealed to recommend literature
to clarify the methodology for holding the classes and the algorithm for the preparation of a plan-abstract, while presenting a sample of the design of such a plan.
An educational question must be simple, accessible to self-mastering of the material. No more than 4 students are heard at one methodical lesson (2 study hours).
During the day or two to the methodological session, the teacher approves the plan-abstract of its holding, and also checks how students know the training material and the methodology for holding the lesson. At the same time, the teacher must demand from students so that they do not use the outline during the classes during the classes (i.e., not read the material), but may resolve occasionally looking into it to comply with the sequence of classes.
The total duration of the classes conducted by the student should not exceed 15 minutes (see Figure 1).
During the methodological session, the teacher should not interrupt the student conducted. In the same cases, when the presentation of the learning issue is associated with gross mistakes, he corrects it. When considering the main part of the student, which holds it should enjoy visual benefits (posters, stands, layouts, etc.), including a presentation of educational material.
After graduation, a student conducted, the teacher organizes a discussion. At the first stage, students ask questions on educational materials to a student teacher, and in the second, they express their comments and proposals for the organization and methodology of the holding, and also evaluate the occupation.
At the end of the methodical classes, the teacher sums up (expresses general comments and suggestions to improve the quality of classes) and taking into account the opinions of students evaluating
classes conducted by their fellow students declares final assessments.
Thus, students receive the skills of organizing and conducting classes, communicating with the audience, acquire the experience of the explanation of certain issues related to future professional activities, their formation occurs as future managers. Students participating in the discussion are also developing and acquiring professional communication skills. It is also important that students are in addition to the methodical classes, in addition, learn to speak a competent professional language.
2 Seminars
As you know, in the modern highest school, the seminar is one of the main types of practical training on humanitarian disciplines. This type of classes can also be used in the study of technical and technological disciplines. It is a means of development in students of scientific thinking.
Seminar classes are advisable to spend already starting from the 1st year of undergraduate and magistracy. The main goal of these classes is to train students to use theoretical knowledge in relation to the peculiarities of the industry in which they will work.
The methodology for organizing and conducting seminar occupations is similar to the algorithm of the organization of methodological training (see Figure 1). The main difference is that students acquire the skills of organizing and conducting classes on the study of equipment, equipment, technologies, and the like, the development of an abstract plan of classes, and on the seminar
classes they master the skills and skills of setting and solving intellectual problems and tasks, upholding their point of view and are trained in writing a scientific abstract.
Professional skills are also developing at seminary classes: mastering the language of the relevant industry; Operation
wording, concepts, terms.
A week before seminary studies, teachers should hold consultations, where they define the topic of abstract to students of the speakers, paying particular attention to the development of work skills with literature, on creative material processing, warning from a compile approach to solving the scientific problems under consideration, which arises precisely with insufficient preparations for Seminar and writing abstract.
Student reports at seminar occupations are discussed by their participants.
Teachers can organize seminar classes in the form of an unfolded conversation. At the same time, a few days before such classes, students are reported the topic (topics). At the time of request, students (4-5 min) report at the request or instructions of the teacher. Next, there is an exchange of views - a live conversation organized by the teacher. At the end of the lesson, the teacher sums up and announces the assessment, given the activity of students.
During the seminar studies, teachers must form an atmosphere of creative work, orient students on the speeches of an appraisal nature, discussions, combining them with a simple statement of prepared topics by hearing abstracts. The teacher gives an installation on audition or focus on students' assessment and discussion (depending on the subject and situation).
Given the characteristic qualities of students
(Communication, self-confidence, anxiety), the teacher manages the discussion and distributes roles. Uncertain in itself, noncommunicable students are offered private, lightweight
questions that give the opportunity to act and experience the psychological feeling of success.
To each methodological and seminar occupation at the department should develop guidelines for teachers, including:
Plan of classes, educational issues and time distribution according to their study;
Used methodological techniques during classes;
Control questions for testing the quality of material assimilation;
Methods of issuing estimates to students for conducting a methodological classes, for the report at the seminar and the active participation of students in the discussion.
3 Laboratory activities
It is known that laboratory classes make up the basis of the practical work of students under the discipline studied and are aimed at the deepening and consolidation of theoretical provisions of the discipline studied, mastering the technique of experimental research and analysis of the results obtained, the impulse of working skills with laboratory equipment, instrumentation and computing equipment. But one of the pronounced specific features of these classes is the possibility of forming organizational abilities from students.
The basis of laboratory classes is based on a brigade form of preparation, execution and protection of reports on experimental studies. The training group, as a rule, is divided into 5-6 brigades of 4-5 students, depending on the number of laboratory installations. Each brigade is appointed elder, the first number, the second, etc. Seniosterns appoints an older, while at every occupation there is a change of senior brigades and numbers of students incoming
the brigade. The main responsibilities in the brigade are distributed as follows:
Senior Brigade Determines the number and obligations of each member of the Brigade, is responsible for compliance with safety regulations, educational discipline, compliance with the sequence and completeness of the conducted studies;
The first number reads on guidelines and, together with the senior brigades, controls the procedure for implementing research;
The second number conducts mounting works (collects the diagram, connects the measuring instruments);
The third number carries out the necessary switches or the actions necessary for research and dictates the testimony of measuring instruments, in addition, it can also assist the perovy number in the assembly of the circuit, if it is complex;
The fourth number conducts records of instrument readings and is responsible for the accuracy of the calculations, the construction of graphs, diagrams, etc.
If there are less than five people in the brigade, then the duties of the brigade numbers are combined, for example, the first room with the fourth, the second one with the third, etc.
According to the safety requirements, laboratory classes are conducted by two teachers. At the same time, one of them is the eldest, as a rule, is a leading discipline teacher (lecturer). Sometimes the head of the department itself appoints a senior to each discipline of the department, in which laboratory classes are provided according to the Working Program. On a senior teacher except
functional duties, the following additional responsibilities are imposed:
Introductory safety instructions before each classes, monitoring compliance safety regulations;
Carrying out the introductory and final part of the classes;
Monitoring attendance by students;
Maintain order and academic discipline during classes.
In this case, each teacher carries personal
responsibility for the safe performance of work and compliance with the sequence of research, as approved by the head of the department, methodical instructions for laboratory work for teachers.
Figure 2 shows the algorithm for conducting a laboratory classes, the time distribution is indicated between the introductory, the main and final part in the percentage.
To increase the efficiency of laboratory classes before each of them, one of the teachers needs to be consulted on which organizational issues are being resolved (the formation of the brigades and distribution of responsibilities, the execution of reports, the implementation of student research, missing classes) and students study the sequence of laboratory work. Consultations also have been protected by reports by students who have not defended them during the preceding classes.
At the beginning of the session, the senior teacher distributes brigades among themselves and the second teacher. Teachers are admitted to the execution of works by brigades in the following sequence:
Check the correctness of the reporting of the report by each student of the brigade (if at least one student is incorrectly decorated, the brigade is not allowed to implement the research until the report is issued in accordance with the requirements of methodical instructions);
Carry out control of theoretical knowledge and knowledge of the sequence of research (the brigade is not allowed to conduct them while the teacher does not see that it learned the main provisions of the theory, and at least a senior brigade knows the sequence of performance);
Check knowledge of safety regulations (the brigade is not allowed to fulfill the work if the students did not care for its main provisions).
Opening part (10%)
Announcement of the topic and goals of classes. Safety Regulations Statement (Senior Lecturer)
To admission teams to work
Main part (65%)
Checking the correctness of the assembly of the research scheme, a reminder of safety regulations. Permission of brigades for work
Control over the actions of students during work, answers to the questions of the senior brigade, checking the correctness and completeness of the studies performed. Permission to end research
Final part (25%)
Individual protection of reports as part of the Brigad. Announcement of individual assessments
Summing up by the senior teacher of results in the group, answers to students' questions and setting problems for independent training
Figure 2 - Algorithm for conducting a laboratory classes
Such hard requirements for tolerance contribute to the development of high perpetrators, sense of responsibility for the team and skills to organize the work of the team.
In order to save time, when admitting to the fulfillment of laboratory work, monitoring theoretical knowledge of students is advisable to conduct in writing or using test questions on consultation conducted on the eve of the classes.
The procedure for students' action during research. After receiving the admission to the execution of laboratory work under the leadership of the Senior Brigade, students proceed to the implementation of research, while each fulfills their duties according to the number defined in the Brigade. After the installation of the scheme is over, the teacher verifies the assembly, and gives permission to conduct research. At the end of the experimental research, the laboratory installation is turned off, the teacher verifies the correctness and completeness of the research, gives permission to dismantle the scheme and the design of individual reports. They perform it on the letterhead of the established sample, represent the teacher to defense.
IMPORTANT. To prolong the skills of human management, including the development of organizational abilities, during research in the event of questions, students ask them to senior brigades and only he summarizes their wording asks the teacher. The same, in turn, should also communicate directly with senior brigades.
Thus, methodical, seminars and laboratory classes are in conversation mode, dialogue, i.e., in the interaction of not only teachers and students, but also students among themselves, and are interactive classes.
4 work in scientific circles
If the activities considered above, developing the organizational abilities of students are held in school time,
an important function of the attachment of these skills is given to the scientific circles of the department, whose work takes place in extracurricular time.
The head of the department should demand, and the teacher is to make students attend the scientific circles of the department. Here, in addition to educational work, aimed at the formation of organizational abilities, and educational work is resolved by the development of educational and methodological and material and technical support of the department's disciplines.
For the successful organization of students in the circles of teachers, the department needs to be identified and selected in the early stages of training (from the second course) of students who are interested in scientific work and work on the development of educational and methodological and material technical support of the department.
The main forms of work of students in the circles on the department are:
Preparation of scientific articles and their publication;
Registration of applications for the estimated invention;
Registration of applications for obtaining a certificate of utility model or test certificate;
Participation in experimental research;
Participation in competitions and exhibitions of scientific works;
Participation and performance at scientific and technical seminars and conferences;
Development of programs, including test tasks for testing the knowledge used in the educational process when studying the disciplines of the Department;
Providing assistance to teachers in the design of educational systems for disciplines, including software, development of presentations, etc.;
Assisting teachers in the development and modernization of laboratory installations, stands, posters, etc.
It is important that in the process of working in a circle, teachers have created research groups of students who are formed in the direction of research or the development of educational support, and the development of logistical support. In each group, as a rule, no more than 57 students should be appointed a senior group - a senior student, a master or graduate student.
The process of working in research circles contributes to the development of memories of memory, observation, independence of judgments, the ability to collect and process information. Each of the listed components produces the skills of the organization of scientific research in future specialists. In addition, the public speeches of the students instill oratory skills, which is important for the future leader, and co-authorship in scientific works with academic departments, contributes to public recognition in the environment of professionals.
Thus, the introduction of considered methodological techniques into the organization of the educational process, as well as systematic control by the leading teachers and the head of the department for their implementation, will contribute to the formation of the organizational abilities of future team leaders.
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The third group of the qualities of the manager, determining his actually as a manager, are organizational, as well as business. They reflect the level of organizational culture of the manager, the ownership of the technology of management work: the selection, arrangement and use of personnel, the development of norms, regulations and regulations, personal plans and plans of the activities of services, operational plans and schedules of activities, bringing tasks to performers, instructing , managing, control.
Organizational qualities should be attributed primarily pottleness.
The nature of modern life requires the manager of clear and reasonable goals. Without them, he may experience lack of hardness and determination, miss good opportunities, spend time on trifles. Since everything changes in the world to resist afloat, the manager must be corrected. But purposefulness lies not only to establish the goals, but to strive for them. This is distinguished by the manager from other workers.
Another organizational quality that must be inherent to the manager is business suit. It lies in the ability to clearly and timely set tasks, make informed decisions, control their execution, be operational and administrative in actions and actions.
An important organizational quality of the manager is energyThat is, the ability to infect people with confidence, the desire to act through logical suggestion, personal example, own optimism.
Manager must be inherent discipline and control over himself. Without this, he will not be able to call for the order of others nor control their activities. Therefore, the manager must control his emotions and sentiment, study the emotions of others to find the "key" to their behavior, as well as to control the discipline of subordinates.
A distinctive feature of the manager should be increased performance, the ability to work intensely, without bringing, however, herself sacrificing and not becoming a "work worker" (in advanced companies is considered a bad tone for senior managers to linger in the office after the end of the labor day or take work at home). Forces need to be preserved for the main thing, not to waste them, be able to relax, including during business trips.
The manager must be communicable, contact, i.e. Sociable, aimed at the outside world, manifesting interest in others. He must be able to have people to be placed, listen and understand them, convince in her right.
From the point of view of contact, you can allocate several types of managers.
First, those who are most of the time, about 2/3, spends on their subordinates and only 1/3 to external connections.
Secondly, those who pay to the other time of time.
Thirdly, those who carry out only vertical contacts with the bosses and subordinates, but do not want to know with their colleagues.
Fourth, those who will keep away at all of all contacts.
The first and second types of managers are good for operational management, the fourth - for strategic. The third type of the head does not meet the requirements for the modern managers. It even in the army with its tough discipline and subordination with difficulty will understand.
An important feature of the manager - realism. He must be able to correctly appreciate his capabilities and the possibilities of subordinates, their actions, not to twist in the clouds, then it will not be so painful to fall when the failure.
A good manager is characterized by healthy optimism and confidence. Lead people without confidence It is impossible. Confident people know what they want. They never resort to bypass paths. Their views on problems are always clear and clear, and they tend to know all about these views, and therefore they express their point of view, seeking to be heard and understood, but at the same time respect other people and their opinions.
However, no many confidence can boast of confidence. The reasons for its absence is a lot of: this is a lack of practice that gives rise to ignorance, which will be as a result of the right steps; This is a fear due to timidity, adverse reactions from the surrounding; This is your own underestimation, the inability to file yourself in the advantageous light, correctly express your thoughts, the manager insecurity brings many inconveniences, since subordinates, seeing such a property, can arrange a "feast of disobedience"
But, as psychologists consider, the lack of confidence in itself - the "disease" is not deadly and it needs to "treat", developing the missing skills and observing others in situations that require confident behavior. This tips are given on this occasion known experts in the field of Woodkok and Francis. 1 Woodkok M., Francis D. Refociing Manager. - M., 1991.
First of all, it is necessary avoid excessive emotionsSo the surrounding will respond to them, and not on the essence of the case. It is necessary to be easier, since it is often increasing due to the complexity of presenting its views and attempts to operate at several problems at once.
Persistently strive for its goal, to achieve their own, until the results are satisfied. Do not drop your own dignity and not to give the opportunity to shoot down, take away to the side. Do not despair in case of errors and persistently strive for the goal, not confessing only at the same time the principle "We will not stand at the price."
For a successful manual, the manager must have a dominance, that is authority, desire for personal independence, to leadership, although not at any cost, but in any circumstances. It should be ready for a stubborn and uncompromising struggle for his rights, not afraid of prestiges, show a high level of personal claims, to force others to respect itself, demonstrating courage and volitional character.
A good leader should be able to provide realityemployees to work. To do this, it is necessary to properly encourage people, turn any, even the most tallery work into an exciting game, looking for non-standard approaches and unknown faces in solving the problem, squeeze their actions of a well-known share of adventurism for a lot of attractiveness. He must be considered the desire of subordinates to achieve a certain position in this world, to know their ideals and contribute to their realization.
But the most important thing is the manager must have the ability to lead, organize and maintain the work of the team, be prepared for action, risk. He must be able to determine the amount of his official authority, the opportunity to act independently of the leadership, encourage people to obey, get rid of the ballast, and the remaining help to become themselves, and not to subside upon themselves.
For this, the manager must have tolerance to the weaknesses of people who do not interfere with working, and intolerance to everything that prevents the successful solution to the tasks facing it and the team.
It should be borne in mind that there is no and will not exist a manager with universal abilities and equally efficiently acting in any situation.
There is a certain set of human qualities that we listed above, which constitutes the basis of organizational abilities. These qualities do not depend on the manufacturing experience of the employee, so the leader can become in a relatively early age.
And finally, in conclusion, it is necessary to stop at those moments that determine efficiency Works manager. A number of them depends on it itself and is associated or with the ability of the manager to organize their activities and the activities of subordinates or with its attitude towards them.
So, positively affects the effectiveness of the ability to plan it, correctly determine the order of importance and urgency of cases, the sequence of operations, the number of decisions made.
The effectiveness of the manager is influenced by the ability to use the possibilities of subordinates, knowledge of them, faith in employees, the ability to speak frankly with them, setting tasks instead of direct guidance.
Negatively affects the performance of the manager's lack of collegiance when discussing and solving the most important issues, assigning the results of the work of the team, administering instead of conviction, predensive attitude towards employees.
However, in some cases, the effectiveness of the head depends on the subordinates.
For example, if they poorly worked the question or fear themselves to make a decision, they often run for advice to the chief, distracting it from other more important cases. The same happens if the subordinates do not know exactly their task and climb the work with which they cannot cope, and the head is forced to help them, so as not to "fill up" a matter.
In many ways, this happens, by the way, to plan from inability. Difficulties for the head arise and in the case when the subordinate does not know how to talk to him, it is clear to explain its problems and desires, but constantly awaits instructions and instructions.
Formation of organizational abilities of university students in extracurricular activities
Formulation of the problem. A modern rapidly changing society requires from its members, especially young people, active disclosures and manifestations of their own potential in various areas of life and production, creative use of knowledge, taking into account the characteristics of the situation, finding effective ways of forming personal qualities. The organizational abilities of the employee are becoming in demand, regardless of the position and nature of the main professional activity, as they ensure the effectiveness of individual and group activities, contribute to the development of interpersonal interaction and communication, allow building temporary and long-term plans to effectively act in standard and non-standard situations, optimally use material , Psychological and personnel resources.
Achieving such a result is inhibited by the lack of ways of forming organizational abilities in future specialists- graduates of the university. It should be noted that in pedagogical science and practice this is paid to certain attention.
Analysis of literature . Works are considered issues of training a specialist in different directions: scientific concepts are being developed, the concepts are given, programs are offered and emphasis on the effectiveness of individual areas of pedagogical activities of universities (Yu.R. Vishnevsky, A.N. Golovatn, N.Yu K. Chernyavskaya et al.); Methodology of the training system of specialists (E.F. Zeer, V.S. Kaagermanyan, L.I. Kohanovich, A.M. Pavlova, N.F. Talyzin, etc.); Methods and forms of the organization of pedagogical activities of universities (I.V. Drygin, V.V. Ignatova, P.E. Reshetnikov, etc.); Psychological grounds, role and functions of scientific education, specific knowledge (O.A. Abdulina, A.N. Lutoshkin, S.L. Rubinstein, etc.); Paths, funds and methods for the formation of organizational abilities (R.S. Aleksandrov, I.P. Ivanov, D.N. Lebedev, A.M. Novikov, N.Yu. Slept, and others), etc.
The issues of forming the organizational abilities of students in theory and practice of universities are investigated by the following scientists: A.N. Hermann, N.F. Holochy, A.P. Kondratyuk, B.I. Kornilov, A.A. Maleva, A. Surin et al.; Various aspects of extracurricular activities in the educational process of the university are covered in the works of N. Valeeva, I.Z. Glikman, A.P. Dyakova, I.E. Kroova et al., But specially content and methodology for the formation of organizational abilities of students in extracurricular activities of the university were not considered by scientists.
Regulations on the formation of the personality in the process of activity, knowledge and communication are covered in the works of O.A. Abdulina, V.P. Zinchenko, A.N. Kovaleva, V.N. Meatsishcheva, S.L. Rubinstein et al.
Various aspects of the formation of personality abilities were reflected in the studies of A.V. BatarSheva, Yu.B. HippenReuter, E.A. Golubeva, V.A. Kruttsky, kk. Platonova, V.D. Shadrikova et al.
Analysis of research showed that the problem of the formation of organizational abilities of the personality of a specialist is updated in a number of works.
Research of organizational abilities in pedagogy Little: works A. Alekseeva, N.V. Kuzmina, N.B. Krylova, A.K. Markova, V. Shepel and others are devoted to the study of organizational abilities as an indicator of the quality of training of specialists; In research I.S. Mangutova, B.M. Teplova, L.I. Umansky and others revealed the psychological aspect of the formation of organizational abilities of the individual; P.A. Barybin, V. Iogolevich, S.A. Podlesny, A. Surin, etc. give certain recommendations for the adaptation of foreign experience to the domestic practice of training specialists in universities, etc.
According to Andreyeva G.M., the emerging labor market imposes certain requirements for the quality of training specialists with higher education. The leading place in such preparation occupies a certain competence, which is impossible without the formation of abilities guiding professional activities. In this regard, it seems relevant to study the role of various forms and methods of extracurricular activities aimed at arming students skills to organize their activities and activities of others in an optimal way.
In this aspect, the development of pedagogical conditions for the formation of organizational abilities, ensuring the growth of the professional potential of the university graduates.
Thus, there are scientific prerequisites for solving the problem of the formation of organizational abilities of students in the educational process of the university.
The purpose of the article: Develop social and pedagogical conditions for the formation of organizational abilities that ensure the growth of the professional capacity of students of the university.
Presentation of basic material . The level of abilities along with the identity or structure of its competence is the most important subjective factor in achieving vertices in professional-pedagogical and scientific activities. Organizational abilities serve not only to organize the learning process in high school, but also self-organization of the student's activities. Abilities are manifested in the ability to organize themselves, their time, individual, group, collective activity, thereforethe formation of organizational abilities of students of the university will be carried out effectively, when creating socio-pedagogical conditions:
1) the creation of an educational complex for small groups, combining elements of scientific education and practical performance;
Working with students is carried out in classes in a small group, which carries the opportunity to unite participants with common social activities and establish directly personal contact between them, which contributes to the achievement of the common goal and gaining the experience of building different styles of communication with the presence of feedback.
The combination of scientific enlightenment and practical activity is implemented in three directions. Within the framework of the first direction, the formation of scientific and methodological knowledge and practical performing skills of the group participants is carried out. The second direction contributes to the formation of scientific and methodological knowledge and practical performing skills that ensure the construction of productive communication. The work is built with a support for the knowledge generated previously, the internal world, individual manifestations of the interlocutor and the group as a whole. The third direction ensures the implementation of the "main function" of the activities of the "Organizer-Contractor": the organization of own activities and the readiness of "trouble-free" to engage in the Group's activities.
2) development and implementation of a special program "Organizer: We know how and teach others," enriched with practical material on organizational activities;
The organizational experience of students (scientific and methodological knowledge and practical performing skills) requires reinforcement of practical organizational activities close to the conditions of real social and production values. To this end, the development and implementation of a special program "Organizer: We know, we know and teach others", enriched with practical material, methods, forms and techniques of organizational activities. The program assumes two directions of consistent activities that are preparing students to fulfill the roles of the "organizer-assistant", "teacher organizer" and "employee organizer".
3) Implementation of the individual immersion of students in special and independent organizational activities.
Implemented diagnosis of the formation of organizational abilities according to the "Pyramid of Abilities" method and individual graphs are lined up.On the basis of these self-assessment of organizational abilities, students need to switch to self-programming, whose task is to draw up a student of an individual program of further action to improve its own organizational abilities. The program indicates: the component of organizational abilities, requiring further improvement; activity and specific actions contributing to raising their formation; The organizational role played by the student (any choice).
Conclusions. Thus, the theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, the analysis of the experience of pedagogical practice has shown thatranisor's abilities of the personality have a complex structure consisting of interrelated and manifest in the activity of the personality of components, focusing the functional and subject (organizational knowledge and skills) and personal (motivation, value attitude towards the process of their formation, personal qualities (responsibility, mobility, enterprise, etc. )) Areas, area of \u200b\u200bprospects (vision of prospects, self-education ability). Creating Socio Pedagogical Conditions, contribute to the most complete manifestation of students and abilities in relation to professional activities, the realization of their needs and interests.
Literature:
1. Weisman R. S. Communication of interpersonal relationships with group efficiency // Questions of psychology. 1974, № 4.
2. Krystko V. G. Social psychology: studies. For stud. Higher. studies. establishments. - M.: Vlados-Press, 2003. - 448С.
3. Kornv M. N., Kovalenko A. B. Sotzіalna Psychologist: Підручник. - K., 1995. - 304 p.
4. Social psychology: a textbook for higher educational institutions / G. M. Andreeva. - 5th ed., Act. and add. - M.: Aspect Press, 2004. - 365 p.
5. Stolyarenko LD. Basics of psychology. 9th ed. Tutorial. (Series "Higher Education".) - Rostov N / D: Phoenix, 2004. - 672c.
The employer is important both personal and business qualities of an employee. What abilities are more important? How to treat negative traits? For each profession, their characteristics are important. How to make the right choice and how to evaluate the future employee, tell us in our article.
Business and personal qualities
Business qualities of the employee are his ability to perform certain labor duties. The most important of them is the level of education and experience. In choosing an employee, focus on the benefit that he can bring your company.
Personal qualities characterize employees as a person. They are becoming important when applicants for one post business qualities at one level. Personal qualities characterize the attitude of the employee to work. Focus on independence: he should not do your work, and with his own it is obliged to cope fully.
| Business qualities | Personal qualities |
| The level of education | Accuracy |
| Specialty, qualifications | Activity |
| Experience, posts that occupied | Ambitiousness |
| Labor productivity | Conflectible |
| Analytic skills | Fast reaction |
| Fast Adaptation to New Information Systems | Politeness |
| Fast learner | Attentiveness |
| Attention to detail | Discipline |
| Flexibility of thinking | Initiative |
| Readiness for overtime work | Performance |
| Literacy | Communicability |
| Mathematical thinking | Maximalism |
| Client Interaction Skills | Perseverance |
| Business communication skills | Resourcefulness |
| Planning skills | Charm |
| Skills preparation reports | Organizations |
| Oratorical skills | Responsible approach to work |
| Organizational abilities | Decency |
| Enterprise | Devotion |
| Professional honesty | Principle |
| Scrupulousness | Punctuality |
| Ability to deal with several projects at the same time | Determination |
| Ability to make decisions to quickly | Self Control |
| Ability to work with a large number of information | Self-critical |
| Strategic thinking | Independence |
| The desire for self-improvement | Modesty |
| Creative thinking | Stress tolerance |
| The ability to negotiate / business correspondence | Tact |
| Ability to negotiate | Patience |
| Ability to present thoughts | Require |
| Ability to find a common language | Goodworking |
| Training ability | Self confidence |
| Teamwork skills | Equilibrium |
| The ability to have people to themselves | Pottleness |
| The ability to convince | Honesty |
| Good external data | Energy |
| Good dictation | Enthusiasm |
| Good physical form | Ethical |
Choice of Quality
If more than 5 characteristics are written in the resume, this is a signal that the applicant is not able to make a competent choice. Moreover, the standard "responsibility" and "punctuality" became banal, so if possible, ask what these general concepts mean. A vivid example: the phrase "High performance" can mean "the ability to work with a large number of information", while you were calculated on "readiness for overtime work."
Such general concepts as "motivation to work", "professionalism", "self-control", the applicant can reveal other expressions, more specifically and meaningful. Pay attention to incompatible qualities. To make sure the challenger's honesty can be asked to illustrate the examples of the characteristics specified by them.
Negative qualities of the employee
Sometimes they also entertains them in the resume Job Jobs. In particular, such as:
- Hyperactivity.
- Excessive emotionality.
- Greed.
- Avenue.
- Impudence.
- Listen to lie.
- Inability to work in a team.
- Evidence.
- Sensibility.
- No work experience / education.
- No sense of humor.
- Bad habits.
- Addiction to gossip.
- Straightness.
- Self-confidence.
- Modesty.
- Weak sociability.
- The desire to create a conflict.
A challenger who inscribed in a summary of negative qualities may be honest, and maybe reckless. Such an act does not justify yourself, but if you want to know possible problems with this challenger, ask him to list your negative qualities. Be prepared to give a person the opportunity to rehabilitate and present negative qualities in the advantageous light. For example, nonsense indicates a light adaptation and quick switching with one task to another, and straightness - about the benefits that it can bring when conclusted the transaction.
Be prepared to give a person the opportunity to rehabilitate and present negative qualities in the advantageous light.
Qualities for different professions
Certain professional qualities are needed in almost all activities. You can make it easier for applicants to work and at the same time to narrow their circle by making information about the necessary characteristics in the admission ad. For an employee in the field of promotion or entertainment, basic qualities - sociability, the ability to work in a team, have people to themselves. The list of winning qualities will also include charm, self-confidence, energy. In the field of trade, the list of best qualities will look like this: the flexibility of thinking, the skills of interaction with clients, the ability to negotiate, work in a team, as well as a quick response, politeness, perseverance, activity.
Such professional qualities, as organizing skills, the ability to find a common language and work in a team, resourcefulness, infonelity, charm and ability to train, should be characterized by the manager in any field. No less important ability to quickly make decisions, self-confidence, attentiveness and balance.
Strengths of the employee working with a large amount of data (accountant or system administrator): attention to detail, accuracy, fast learning, attentiveness, organization and, of course, the ability to work with a large number of information.
The characteristic of the secretary includes a variety of positive qualities: the skills of interaction with customers, business communication, literacy, the ability to negotiate and business correspondence, the ability to deal with several cases at the same time. Also pay attention to good external data, attentiveness, tactfulness and equilibrium, operational. In any profession will make responsibility, attentiveness and stress resistance. But the applicant, entering such qualities in the summary, does not always relate to them seriously.
In any profession will make responsibility, attentiveness and stress resistance. But the applicant, entering such qualities in the summary, does not always relate to them seriously.
Evaluation of professional qualities of an employee
In order not to spend time and money on the test of new employees, sometimes companies estimate them before welcome work. For this, even special personnel assessment centers have been created. List of evaluation methods for those who prefer to do it alone:
- Letters of recommendation.
- Tests. This includes regular tests for professionalness and tests of abilities, as well as personal and biographical tests.
- Exam for the knowledge and skills of the employee.
- Role play or case.
The role-playing game will help find out in practice whether you will suit you a challenger. Drop the daily situation and see how he will cope. For example, appreciate its customer interaction skills. Let the buyer be your competent employee or you yourself, and the applicant will show what it is capable of. You can set the goal to which it should achieve during the game, or just watch the style of work. This method will tell about the applicant much more than the Count "Personal Qualities" in the summary.
Determining with the evaluation criteria, you can be based on business qualities: punctuality, potential number and quality of work performed, experience and education, skills, etc. For greater efficiency, make a focus on qualities that are necessary for the position that the candidate applies. To be confident in the employee, consider his personal qualities. You can make an estimated estimation in the form of a rating of candidates, arranging + and - according to certain criteria, distributing them in levels or awarding points. Avoid errors associated with evaluation, such as bias or stereotypes, as well as the giving one criterion of too much weight.
